On 19 Apr 2008 21:35:28 GMT, "Ed_G"
wrote:

In my case, I am considering the use of a vertical at a new residence
built on sand. Since I am not concerned about low angle radiation
characteristics, the Half Wave may be something to consider..... giving me
a fairly efficient vertical operation with some NVIS characteristics.

Hi Ed,

Efficient? A vertical has almost no Near Vertical radiation for Near
Vertical Incidence Skywave. You can get along with "almost no," or
you can simply use a low horizontal which would exhibit "a lot of"
Near Vertical Incidence Skywave.

Good ground, bad ground, radials, no radials won't change efficiency
much for the vertical's incidence overhead (there's a hole in that
pattern).

73's
Richard Clark, KB7QHC