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Assuming the terminal resistance of a resonant dipole is 72 ohms,
then a ground plane separating the halves of the dipole means the terminal resistance of each half is 36 ohms. Thus the terminal resistance of the half-dipole over the ground plane is also 36 ohms. The terminal resistance of the half dipole operating against the radials bent down can then be any value between 36 and 72 ohms, depending on the angle of the bending. If the bending changes the angle from 90° to 180° the resistance has changed from 36 to 72 ohms. The terminal resistance will be 50 ohms at some angle in between, and is usually close to 45°. Hope this helps in understanding what occurs from bending the radials downward. Walt, W2DU |