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#1
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A mechanical phase locked loop!
On 08/05/17 14:48, rickman wrote:
You aren't making sense. The reference is never adjusted in a PLL. That's why it's the *reference*. Just where did I say that ?. Having worked with pll's since the 4046 and earlier, I should know the difference. In a pll, there is continuous feedback from the vco to the phase detector, closing the loop and keeping the phase offset constant, The phase is continuously updated every cycle, whereas the Shortt clock can have significant accumulated error in the time between corrections... There is no requirement in a PLL for continuous action or even frequent action. That's probably why the Shortt clock is described as a hit and miss system and correction is unipolar, whereas a classic pll continually updates the vco every cycle, not multiples thereof. Ok, the Shortt clock is probably as close as you can get to a classic pll using mechanics :-)... Chris |
#2
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A mechanical phase locked loop!
Chris wrote on 8/5/2017 2:33 PM:
On 08/05/17 14:48, rickman wrote: You aren't making sense. The reference is never adjusted in a PLL. That's why it's the *reference*. Just where did I say that ?. Having worked with pll's since the 4046 and earlier, I should know the difference. You snipped the part I was replying to but you talked about the master knowing the status of the slave which would only be useful if you were adjusting the master. In a pll, there is continuous feedback from the vco to the phase detector, closing the loop and keeping the phase offset constant, The phase is continuously updated every cycle, whereas the Shortt clock can have significant accumulated error in the time between corrections... There is no requirement in a PLL for continuous action or even frequent action. That's probably why the Shortt clock is described as a hit and miss system and correction is unipolar, whereas a classic pll continually updates the vco every cycle, not multiples thereof. "Classic"??? There is no such definition of a PLL to "continuously" update anything. Ok, the Shortt clock is probably as close as you can get to a classic pll using mechanics :-)... Yes, because it *is* a PLL. In fact the problem most people have with it is that it doesn't adjust the phase by adjusting the frequency of the slave. It adjusts the *phase* so clearly it *is* a phase locked loop. -- Rick C |
#3
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A mechanical phase locked loop!
On 05/08/2017 20:06, rickman wrote:
Yes, because it *is* a PLL. In fact the problem most people have with it is that it doesn't adjust the phase by adjusting the frequency of the slave. It adjusts the *phase* so clearly it *is* a phase locked loop. All pendulums have circular error where the frequency is determined by the amplitude of swing, so for the half cycle where the phase is adjusted by abridging the swing by the hit of the hit and miss stabiliser, the frequency of the slave is, indeed, changed. The standard formula given for the cycle time of pendulums .. 2 * PI * root( L / G) .... is only valid for those small angles where sin( theta ) = theta, and such angles are so infinitesimal that no visible movement of a pendulum would be seen! |
#4
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A mechanical phase locked loop!
On 08/05/17 19:14, Gareth's Downstairs Computer wrote:
On 05/08/2017 20:06, rickman wrote: Yes, because it *is* a PLL. In fact the problem most people have with it is that it doesn't adjust the phase by adjusting the frequency of the slave. It adjusts the *phase* so clearly it *is* a phase locked loop. All pendulums have circular error where the frequency is determined by the amplitude of swing, so for the half cycle where the phase is adjusted by abridging the swing by the hit of the hit and miss stabiliser, the frequency of the slave is, indeed, changed. The standard formula given for the cycle time of pendulums .. 2 * PI * root( L / G) ... is only valid for those small angles where sin( theta ) = theta, and such angles are so infinitesimal that no visible movement of a pendulum would be seen! This just won't go away, will it :-). Here we are, arguing over the semantics of phase locked loops, but the term pll didn't come into wide use until the 1960's, decades after the Shortt clock. I'll continue to think of it as a hit and miss governor, as it was originally described... Chris |
#5
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A mechanical phase locked loop!
Chris wrote on 8/5/2017 4:06 PM:
On 08/05/17 19:14, Gareth's Downstairs Computer wrote: On 05/08/2017 20:06, rickman wrote: Yes, because it *is* a PLL. In fact the problem most people have with it is that it doesn't adjust the phase by adjusting the frequency of the slave. It adjusts the *phase* so clearly it *is* a phase locked loop. All pendulums have circular error where the frequency is determined by the amplitude of swing, so for the half cycle where the phase is adjusted by abridging the swing by the hit of the hit and miss stabiliser, the frequency of the slave is, indeed, changed. The standard formula given for the cycle time of pendulums .. 2 * PI * root( L / G) ... is only valid for those small angles where sin( theta ) = theta, and such angles are so infinitesimal that no visible movement of a pendulum would be seen! This just won't go away, will it :-). Here we are, arguing over the semantics of phase locked loops, but the term pll didn't come into wide use until the 1960's, decades after the Shortt clock. I'll continue to think of it as a hit and miss governor, as it was originally described... And that is what it is, not at all unlike a PLL using a bang-bang phase detector. -- Rick C |
#6
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A mechanical phase locked loop!
On 05/08/17 20:14, Gareth's Downstairs Computer wrote:
On 05/08/2017 20:06, rickman wrote: Yes, because it *is* a PLL. In fact the problem most people have with it is that it doesn't adjust the phase by adjusting the frequency of the slave. It adjusts the *phase* so clearly it *is* a phase locked loop. All pendulums have circular error where the frequency is determined by the amplitude of swing, so for the half cycle where the phase is adjusted by abridging the swing by the hit of the hit and miss stabiliser, the frequency of the slave is, indeed, changed. The standard formula given for the cycle time of pendulums .. 2 * PI * root( L / G) ... is only valid for those small angles where sin( theta ) = theta, and such angles are so infinitesimal that no visible movement of a pendulum would be seen! You seem to be confusing two different things The error you refer to is due to the pendulum not actually taking a direct line between the ends of its travel, the error is small for small amplitudes. There was a famous experiment by a Frenchman in, I think Paris, he hung a huge pendulum and let it trace its path in sand, rather than it going 'to and fro' it actually went in arcs as it went to and fro. The effect is minimised by reducing the amplitude. As you correctly say, the frequency of a pendulum is given by the formula you state. If you 'give it a nudge' you may shorted one swing but the overall frequency is still determined by the formula. The 'nudge' will change the phase of the swing, not the frequency- ie it will shorten one cycle. |
#7
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A mechanical phase locked loop!
Brian Reay wrote on 8/5/2017 5:10 PM:
On 05/08/17 20:14, Gareth's Downstairs Computer wrote: On 05/08/2017 20:06, rickman wrote: Yes, because it *is* a PLL. In fact the problem most people have with it is that it doesn't adjust the phase by adjusting the frequency of the slave. It adjusts the *phase* so clearly it *is* a phase locked loop. All pendulums have circular error where the frequency is determined by the amplitude of swing, so for the half cycle where the phase is adjusted by abridging the swing by the hit of the hit and miss stabiliser, the frequency of the slave is, indeed, changed. The standard formula given for the cycle time of pendulums .. 2 * PI * root( L / G) ... is only valid for those small angles where sin( theta ) = theta, and such angles are so infinitesimal that no visible movement of a pendulum would be seen! You seem to be confusing two different things The error you refer to is due to the pendulum not actually taking a direct line between the ends of its travel, the error is small for small amplitudes. There was a famous experiment by a Frenchman in, I think Paris, he hung a huge pendulum and let it trace its path in sand, rather than it going 'to and fro' it actually went in arcs as it went to and fro. The effect is minimised by reducing the amplitude. I believe you are thinking of the Foucault pendulum. This had nothing to do with elliptical paths of pendulums. This was a pendulum free to swing along any axis. As the earth rotates the pendulum continues to swing in its original path and the earth turns beneath it. Of course the pendulum appears to rotate the plane of swing. As you correctly say, the frequency of a pendulum is given by the formula you state. If you 'give it a nudge' you may shorted one swing but the overall frequency is still determined by the formula. The 'nudge' will change the phase of the swing, not the frequency- ie it will shorten one cycle. Yes, that is right. The change in frequency (phase change rate) is only momentary. -- Rick C |
#8
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A mechanical phase locked loop!
Gareth's Downstairs Computer wrote on 8/5/2017 3:14 PM:
On 05/08/2017 20:06, rickman wrote: Yes, because it *is* a PLL. In fact the problem most people have with it is that it doesn't adjust the phase by adjusting the frequency of the slave. It adjusts the *phase* so clearly it *is* a phase locked loop. All pendulums have circular error where the frequency is determined by the amplitude of swing, All *uncorrected* pendulums have circular error. The Fedchenko clock has a mounting spring for the pendulum that corrects for circular error. so for the half cycle where the phase is adjusted by abridging the swing by the hit of the hit and miss stabiliser, the frequency of the slave is, indeed, changed. This has nothing to do with the circular error. The standard formula given for the cycle time of pendulums .. 2 * PI * root( L / G) ... is only valid for those small angles where sin( theta ) = theta, and such angles are so infinitesimal that no visible movement of a pendulum would be seen! This equation is an approximation which ignores the higher terms of the power series of the full equation. It is only truly valid for no swing at all. -- Rick C |
#9
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A mechanical phase locked loop!
On 05/08/2017 22:24, rickman wrote:
Gareth's Downstairs Computer wrote on 8/5/2017 3:14 PM: On 05/08/2017 20:06, rickman wrote: Yes, because it *is* a PLL. In fact the problem most people have with it is that it doesn't adjust the phase by adjusting the frequency of the slave. It adjusts the *phase* so clearly it *is* a phase locked loop. All pendulums have circular error where the frequency is determined by the amplitude of swing, All *uncorrected* pendulums have circular error. The Fedchenko clock has a mounting spring for the pendulum that corrects for circular error. Hadn't heard of that one. At the BHI lecture there was mention of another correction of circular error by a colied spring attached somewhere at the bottom, but I wasn't paying full attention at that point. There were also other means such as cycloidal cheeks around the suspension spring. so for the half cycle where the phase is adjusted by abridging the swing by the hit of the hit and miss stabiliser, the frequency of the slave is, indeed, changed. This has nothing to do with the circular error. It has everything to do with the circular error and the variation in frequency that comes with varying amplitude of the swing. The standard formula given for the cycle time of pendulums .. 2 * PI * root( L / G) ... is only valid for those small angles where sin( theta ) = theta, and such angles are so infinitesimal that no visible movement of a pendulum would be seen! This equation is an approximation which ignores the higher terms of the power series of the full equation. It is only truly valid for no swing at all. .... which is virtually the range where sin( theta) = theta. |
#10
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A mechanical phase locked loop!
Gareth's Downstairs Computer wrote on 8/5/2017 5:57 PM:
On 05/08/2017 22:24, rickman wrote: Gareth's Downstairs Computer wrote on 8/5/2017 3:14 PM: On 05/08/2017 20:06, rickman wrote: Yes, because it *is* a PLL. In fact the problem most people have with it is that it doesn't adjust the phase by adjusting the frequency of the slave. It adjusts the *phase* so clearly it *is* a phase locked loop. All pendulums have circular error where the frequency is determined by the amplitude of swing, All *uncorrected* pendulums have circular error. The Fedchenko clock has a mounting spring for the pendulum that corrects for circular error. Hadn't heard of that one. At the BHI lecture there was mention of another correction of circular error by a colied spring attached somewhere at the bottom, but I wasn't paying full attention at that point. There were also other means such as cycloidal cheeks around the suspension spring. so for the half cycle where the phase is adjusted by abridging the swing by the hit of the hit and miss stabiliser, the frequency of the slave is, indeed, changed. This has nothing to do with the circular error. It has everything to do with the circular error and the variation in frequency that comes with varying amplitude of the swing. You seem to be completely misunderstanding the operation of the Shortt clock. The slave pendulum has no need for correction of circular error. It is a good pendulum, but not a great one. It doesn't need to be great, it is corrected every 30 seconds by the electromechanical escapement of the master pendulum. It only has to be good enough to provide an appropriately timed release of the gravity lever. So the small circular error has no bearing on the slave pendulum. The standard formula given for the cycle time of pendulums .. 2 * PI * root( L / G) ... is only valid for those small angles where sin( theta ) = theta, and such angles are so infinitesimal that no visible movement of a pendulum would be seen! This equation is an approximation which ignores the higher terms of the power series of the full equation. It is only truly valid for no swing at all. ... which is virtually the range where sin( theta) = theta. Exactly. This *is* the range where sin(theta) = theta. Anywhere other than zero it is an approximation. -- Rick C |
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