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I have looked at homebrewing an FM 2-meter XCVR and already got help from
this group. The goal is to spend time on something that others could duplicate and not work on a one of a kind. First, why homebrewing ? Two reasons: 1) It is homebrewed 2) There is room for a "powerful" microprocessor that will do other things (APRS is one of them) It seems that the problem is the selection of components that can be sourced in relatively low volume and at a reasonable cost by amateurs (read: Digikey, Mouser and alike). Here is what I have found some far: 1) Transistors for RX front end: relatively easy to find if based on dual-gate MOSFET 2) RX band filters: I have decided to have a fixed capacitor and adjust the inductor.The availability of adjustable coils (Toko for example) has decreased in the last few years. Digikey only stocks a few of them but that should be OK in the near term. 3) First IF filters: not much choice since 10.7MHz and 21.4 MHz seem to be the only 2 frequencies stocked (most commercial boxes use between 35 and 70 MHz). The IF inductors/transformers at 10.7 MHz and 455 KHz have disappeared from Digikey (used to be there a few years ago). 4) 2nd IF + FM demodulator. The Motorola parts (MC33xx) are gone. The part that is found in many commercial XCVR is the Toshiba TA31136. This part is not stocked by Toshiba's distributors in the US (12 weeks lead time if you want to order 2K of them). Good news is that the Rohm BA4116FV is a pin-to-pin compatible device and it is available at Digikey for $1.26. I don't know if this part works since I have not seen it used anywhere... 5) 2nd mixer crystal. The 10.245 MHz crystals are easily available but not the 21.4 +/- .455. This seems to remove the option of using a 21.4 MHz IF.. 6) 2nd IF filter. The 455 KHz ceramic filters seem to have a very limited availability. The exact type recommended by the IC vendor is hard to find.. 7) FM discriminator. I could not find a source for the ceramic discriminator recommended by Toshiba/Rohm (CDLBLA455KCAY24-B0 which is the new P/N for the CDB450C24). I can understand the pain of the distributors since every FM IC requires a different discriminator. The discriminator coil that can be used instead is not easier to locate. 8) PLL: I am currently leaning towards National (LMX2306 or similar). They are cheap and available. NS has a nice PLL design tool online but the tool tries to convince me to switch to a better a part that I won't be able to handle (leadless package). It is clear that the new generations IC's are not designed for hand soldering at home... 9) Microprocessor and display: no problem here , plenty of choice. 10) TX chain transistors and PA Module: no problem with the regular vendors. www.rfparts.com seems to have a large selection of modules. 11) TX low pass filter: will need to be hand made. That's OK but who is selling tinned wire ? Some notes: 1) I recently bought a dual conversion 72MHz RC receiver. For $45 (and 13 grams !), one can get one Toshiba TA31136FN, a ceramic discriminator, a 11.155 MHz (10.7 + .455) crystal, one 10.7 MHz crystal and one 455 kHz ceramic filters, one IF transformer, 3 adjustable inductors, one dual-gate mosfet (unidentified), a 3.3V regulator and more. I am not sure what to think except that this might be a non traditional way to source 1/2 of the RX section ! 2) Some hard to find parts are sometime available as spare for Ham or commercial radios but the prices are generally too high to be considered. 3) One way to go around the hard to find parts is to go with a more discrete solution (no IF/Mixer/DEMOD/SQUELCH IC) and hand wire all the inductors. This is not the way I am planning to go. 4) English is my 2nd language. Excuse the grammar mistakes and hard to understand sentences. |
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