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Old February 18th 04, 08:43 PM
Richard Harrison
 
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Cecil, W5DXP wrote:
"The Flat Earth Society just cannot accept the fact that there can be
one amp of current at one end of a coil and zero amps at the other end,
just like a piece of transmission line."

What causes one amp of current at one end of a coil and zero amps at the
other end of the coil?

It is reflection. When an incident wave meets a discontinuity which
can`t take all the voltage or current contained in the incident wave,
the surplus voltage or current is reflected back toward the source by
the mismatched load.

At a point we might call "P" somewhere along an antenna wire, the
incident wave required a period of time, we might express in electrical
degrees, to reach "P" from the generator.

At the same point "P", the reflected wave takes longer to arrive as it
traveled past "P" to reach the reflection point, then it traveled back
to "P".

Further, either the voltage or current associated with the reflected
wave is delayed by an additional 180-degrees.

If the load impedance is too low to accept all the voltage in the
incident wave, the current is reversed without additional delay, but
there is a reversal in the phase of the reflected voltage. This can be
recalled by the fact that with a complete short, equal but opposite
volts cancel making zero volts across a short.

If the load impedance is too high to accept all the current in the
incident wave, the voltage is reversed without additional delay but
there is a reversal in phase of the reflected current.

At a discontinuity there is a phase reversal of either reflected volts
or amps, but not a reversal of phase in both.

At the open-circuits at the ends of a simple dipole antenna, nearly all
the incident current runs out of wire and has nowhere to go except
toward the generator that it came from.

To go to zero, the reflected current must equal the incident current but
it is traveling in the reversed direction.

The cancellation of current requires H-field energy to momentarily
transfer to the E-field. This so-called Ferranti effect doubles the
incident voltage at the open-circuit.

The impedance of the near open circuit is the doubled voltage divided by
the near zero amps. At 1/4-wave back from the extremely high-voltage,
high-impedance points at the dipole tips, the picture is inverted. The
volts are minimum and the amps are maximum.

Every segment of wire in a simple dipole of overall length of 1/2-wave
or less has higher voltage and higher impedance on its end nearer the
the dipole tip than it does on its end nearer the center of the dipole.

If any part of the simple dipole, 1/2-wave or shorter, is made of a coil
instead of a straight piece of wire, the coil too has a higher impedance
on the end nearer the dipole tip and a lower impedance on the coil end
near the center of the dipole.

The difference in current at opposite ends of an antenna loading coil is
due to the interaction of incident and reflected waves just as in a
straight wire.

The above seems a clear as sailing west to reach the east, to me.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI