Ian White, G3SEK wrote:
So what does the IEEE define a "Norton surface wave" to be?

"Norton surface wave - a guided EM wave produced by a source
over or on the ground. It is the non-geometrical optics
component of the ground wave."

"geometric optics - the treatment of propagation of light as
rays. Note: Rays are bent at the interface between two dissimilar
media or may be curved in a medium in which refractive index is a
function of position."

Presumably, there are no geometric optics involved in RF emissions
from an antenna. Therefore, for an RF antenna, the Norton wave
equals the surface wave. The surface wave and ground wave are
NOT the same thing. Besides the surface wave, the ground wave
contains part of the space wave which itself consists of two
parts, direct and ground-reflected.

So according to the IEEE, it is not ground wave Vs sky wave.
It is surface wave Vs sky wave. Ground wave = part surface
wave and part sky wave.
--
73, Cecil http://www.qsl.net/w5dxp


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