.... not at all...

.... some are cmos/mosfet nand/nor gates, xtal controlled feedback--used as
osc's and only tuned by "pulling" the xtal with a cap, and the signal passed to
multipliers (multishot monostable vibrators) or freq dividers (dec/hex/oct) and
used with other signals (mixed) to produce still other/unique freqs.

Special purpose ic's are around which contain all this (except the xtal) on a
single chip.

There is probably much newer technology than this at this point, as all my
knowledge of this hardware is a decade or more old...

The cheapest/easiest equip uses a coil and cap (old vfo's) and/or xtal (vxo's.)

John

"Ham op" wrote in message
...
Caveat Lector wrote:

Just out of curousity -- what modern Ham gear uses a Colpitts oscillator or
a swinging choke ??

Then why ask these questions on a 2005 Ham test ??

Maybe ask about a VCO or a crowbar circuit ??


All of them!!! The reference oscillator in every phase locked loop is
generally a Colpitt's oscillator. I suspect that every oscillator in the VCO
circuit is also Colpitt's.

By simply asking the question you make the point!!!

The required level of knowledge for a license today is significantly poorer
than 40 or 50 years ago.