Lets assume a single hop 40m signal from 400 miles away. What
elevation angle does it arrive at? Both stations are using inverted V's
at nominal height. There are no large bodies of water in between.

Daytime and/or nighttime.

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73's de Ken KG0WX - Kadiddlehopper #11808,
Flying Pigs #-1055, Grid EM17io, TS-850SAT,
Elecraft XG2, 4SQRP Tenna Dipper, Heath GD-1B