"Art Unwin" wrote
These were shore based installations probably in Hawaii or some island.
With respect to resonance, moving away from such as well as changing
from 15 degrees (Frank's 30 degrees divided by two) would provide a pattern
of distinct advantage which the navy is constantly looking for. For a whip
tipped at an angle of 15 degrees can provide a forward pattern of gain which
can be a big deal
__________

Art -

The graphic linked below is the work of George H. Brown of RCA Labs, from a
1936 paper published in the Proceedings of the IRE.

It is a plot of surface wave field intensity vs.monopole height, including
the distance to the "fade zone" where nighttime skywave radiation returns to
earth to via reflection from the ionosphere to interfere with the surface,
or ground wave.

In it please note:

1. Maximum field strength does not occur at electrically resonant heights of
the monopole (that is, where its feed point terminal reactance is zero).

2. The characteristics plotted are not related to azimuth, therefore the
performance of a broadcast monopole will not be enhanced by "tipping." If
it was, AM broadcast stations would have been doing so starting 70 years
ago.

http://i62.photobucket.com/albums/h8...alMonopole.gif

RF