Art Unwin wrote:
When you move out further with the introduction of protons my eyes
glaze over because I know nothing of such things.

Actually, photons are easier to understand than Maxwell's
equations. Maybe it would help if you researched the
ability of electron carriers to absorb and/or emit
photons plus the physical characteristics of electrons
and photons. Wikipedia has fairly good sections on
these two elementary particles.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron
--
73, Cecil http://www.w5dxp.com