Art wrote:
"This states that when equilibrium breaks down current flows in the
CENTER of the conductor."

Fact is, only direct current flows in the center of the conductor
because alternating current makes more counter emf in the center of the
conductor than in the exterior. There are more total magnetic flux
linkages at the center and voltage is produced by the rate of change of
these linkages. So, current drnsity is greater as the external surface
of the conductor is approached.

Equilibrium is synonymous with balance or being at rest. An EM wave is
never at rest. A "balanced antenna" has equal capacitance to earth from
both of its feed terminals. Balanced and unbalanced antennas perform
equally well though in application one may be more suitable than the
other. A ground plane may be more easily fed by coax than a dipole but
both have the same power gain. There is no mystic advantage of
equilibrium in an electrical sense, only in contrived nonsense.

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI