On Sep 14, 12:23*am, "Sal M. Onella"
wrote:
NOTE: *This is a repost from my sent file. *It didn't appear
20 hours or so after I sent it. *Sorry if it's a dupe to anybody.
---------------------------------------------------------------------"Art Unwin" wrote in message

news:7ce5bd71-d583-433d-88f0-

snip

The navy would not change to a antenna that was not resonant.

Perhaps you are speaking of another country's Navy with which you are
well-acquainted.

Having been intimately involved with US Navy electronics for over 45 years
(active duty 1962 -1982; civilian support in multiple capacities 1982 -
2007) *I can tell you that our Navy has numerous shipboard and
shore-establishment antennas that are not resonant. *Since flexibility in
frequency selection confers a tactical advantage, broadbanding is far more
important. *Tuners and couplers of several designs allow non-resonant
antennas to work well.

The closest the Navy gets to resonant antennas is in some special
fixed-frequency applications, like IFF. *Of course, antennas are sized for
the application and will probably exhibit resonance within their band of
operation, but that's not the design goal.

These were shore based installations probably in Hawaii or some
island.
With respect to resonance, moving away from such as well as changing
from 15 degrees
(Frank's 30 degrees divided by two)
would provide a pattern of distinct advantage which the navy is
constantly looking for
For a whip tipped at an angle of 15 degrees can provide a forward
pattern of gain which can be a big deal
I anticipate that the navy will gyrate towards helical design where
the addition of a magnetic field will give a pattern of choice
together with resonance the size of a shoebox to reduce the number of
antennas on board.
Thanks for the info, it certainly was not silly As an aside the 15
degrees is the same as found empirically by Kraus
in the pitch angle of a helical, another example of the inclusion of
the weak force in a system in equilibrium !

"Art Unwin" wrote in message
...
Thanks for the info, it certainly was not silly As an aside the 15
degrees is the same as found empirically by Kraus
in the pitch angle of a helical, another example of the inclusion of
the weak force in a system in equilibrium !

where is that weak force in maxwell's equations????? the world is waiting
to know!

On Sep 14, 11:30*am, "Dave" wrote:
"Art Unwin" wrote in message

...

Thanks for the info, it certainly was not silly As an aside the 15
degrees is the same as found empirically by Kraus
in the pitch angle of a helical, another example of the inclusion of
the weak force in a system in equilibrium !

where is that weak force in maxwell's equations????? *the world is waiting
to know!

You will never get it from me. You have done nothing for yourself or
anybody else on this group
so why should I do it for you? Why haven't you done the AO program for
the benefit of the group?
I know it will be embarassing to you but no more than your other posts
have done.
Carry on your fight against change and be among friends. Don't do the
AO program which
acknowledges the weak force that way there can be no change, Just
continue to be a talking head !

These were shore based installations probably in Hawaii or some
island.
With respect to resonance, moving away from such as well as changing
from 15 degrees
(Frank's 30 degrees divided by two)
would provide a pattern of distinct advantage which the navy is
constantly looking for
For a whip tipped at an angle of 15 degrees can provide a forward
pattern of gain which can be a big deal
I anticipate that the navy will gyrate towards helical design where
the addition of a magnetic field will give a pattern of choice
together with resonance the size of a shoebox to reduce the number of
antennas on board.
Thanks for the info, it certainly was not silly As an aside the 15
degrees is the same as found empirically by Kraus
in the pitch angle of a helical, another example of the inclusion of
the weak force in a system in equilibrium !

My original model was for a dipole tilted 45 degrees. The following
analysis is for a 35 ft ground mounted monopole with thirty-six 40 ft
radials buried 1" below an average ground of: conductivity 5 mS/m,
and relative permittivity 13. It is noted that the tilted monopole has
a slight gain opposite to the direction of tilt. The following comparison
is made in the direction of maximum gain. The F/B ratio is nominally
0.2 db, and the gain 0.2 db at lower angles. The measurement was
made on 7.2 MHz, and the input impedance 45 + j 47 ohms.

Take off Angle Vertical 15 deg tilt
(degrees) Gain (dbi) Gain (dbi)
10 -2.5 -2.3
20 -0.2 0
30 0 +0.3
40 -0.8 -0.3
50 -2.3 -1.5
60 -4.6 -3.3
70 -8.0 -5.9
80 -14.0 -9.3
90 Deep null -13.4


CM Monopole with buried radial system.
CE
GW 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 -0.083 0.0026708
GW 37 39 0 1 -0.083 0 40 -0.083 0.0026708
GR 1 36
GS 0 0 0.304800
GE -1 -1 0
GN 2 0 0 0 13.0000 0.0050
FR 0 1 0 0 7.2 0.01
LD 5 0 0 0 5.8001E7
WG monopole_36.NGF
EN


CM 36 Radial Read NGF
CE
GF 0 monopole_36.NGF
GW 73 35 0 9.0587 33.807 0 0 0 0.002671
GS 0 0 0.304800
GE 0 0 0
EX 0 73 35 0 6349.474358 0.00000
LD 5 0 0 0 5.8001E7
RP 0 181 1 1000 -90 270 1.00000 1.00000
EN

73, Frank

On Sep 14, 12:22*pm, "Frank" wrote:
These were shore based installations probably in Hawaii or some
island.
With respect to resonance, moving away from such as well as changing
from 15 degrees
(Frank's 30 degrees divided by two)
would provide a pattern of distinct advantage which the navy is
constantly looking for
For a whip tipped at an angle of 15 degrees can provide a forward
pattern of gain which can be a big deal
I anticipate that the navy will gyrate towards helical design where
the addition of a magnetic field will give a pattern of choice
together with resonance the size of a shoebox to reduce the number of
antennas on board.
Thanks for the info, it certainly was not silly As an aside the 15
degrees is the same as found empirically by Kraus
in the pitch angle of a helical, another example of the inclusion of
the weak force in a system in equilibrium !

My original model was for a dipole tilted 45 degrees. *The following
analysis is for a 35 ft ground mounted monopole with thirty-six 40 ft
radials buried 1" below an average ground of: conductivity 5 mS/m,
and relative permittivity 13. *It is noted that the tilted monopole has
a slight gain opposite to the direction of tilt. *The following comparison
is made in the direction of maximum gain. *The F/B ratio is nominally
0.2 db, and the gain 0.2 db at lower angles. *The measurement was
made on 7.2 MHz, and the input impedance 45 + j 47 ohms.

Take off Angle * * * *Vertical * * * * * *15 deg tilt
(degrees) * * * * * * * Gain (dbi) * * * * * Gain (dbi)
10 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-2.5 * * * * * * * * * *-2.3
20 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-0.2 * * * * * * * * * *0
30 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *0 * * * * * * * * * * * +0.3
40 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * -0.8 * * * * * * * * *-0.3
50 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-2.3 * * * * * * * * * -1.5
60 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-4.6 * * * * * * * * * -3.3
70 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *-8.0 * * * * * * * * * -5.9
80 * * * * * * * * * * * * * -14.0 * * * * * * * * *-9.3
90 * * * * * * * * * *Deep null * * * * * * * * * -13.4

CM Monopole with buried radial system.
CE
GW 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 -0.083 0.0026708
GW 37 39 0 1 -0.083 0 40 -0.083 0.0026708
GR 1 36
GS 0 0 0.304800
GE -1 -1 0
GN 2 0 0 0 13.0000 0.0050
FR 0 1 0 0 7.2 0.01
LD 5 0 0 0 5.8001E7
WG monopole_36.NGF
EN

CM 36 Radial Read NGF
CE
GF 0 monopole_36.NGF
GW 73 35 0 9.0587 33.807 0 0 0 0.002671
GS 0 0 0.304800
GE 0 0 0
EX 0 73 35 0 6349.474358 0.00000
LD 5 0 0 0 5.8001E7
RP 0 181 1 1000 -90 270 1.00000 1.00000
EN

73, *Frank

Frank I am not familiar with your programming but the weak force is
just that....weak
It is for that reason the Yagi coupling of elements provides a good
estimate with easy structure.
For long distance accurracy is not a big deal but for measuring and
for medical applications it is.
Art

On Sun, 14 Sep 2008 17:22:37 GMT, "Frank"
wrote:

It is noted that the tilted monopole has
a slight gain opposite to the direction of tilt.

Hi Frank,

The numbers hint of mixed polarization results which would come as no
surprise from tilting which tosses in a horizontal component that was
effectively suppressed by a true vertical.

The hint is the collapse of the overhead null, and the marginal
differences close to the horizon.

73's
Richard Clark, KB7QHC

It is noted that the tilted monopole has
a slight gain opposite to the direction of tilt.

Hi Frank,

The numbers hint of mixed polarization results which would come as no
surprise from tilting which tosses in a horizontal component that was
effectively suppressed by a true vertical.

The hint is the collapse of the overhead null, and the marginal
differences close to the horizon.

73's
Richard Clark, KB7QHC

Hi Richard,

There is some horizontal polarization. The peak
level is about 20 db below the vertically polarized signal.
Certainly sufficient to effect the overhead null.

Hi Art,

The program is Nittany Scientific's implementation of
NEC 4.1. I must confess I do not understand your
response. The weak nuclear force about 10^(-9) less
than the strong nuclear force, and its range is limited
to distances smaller than an atomic nucleus, so I
cannot see how it can effect the radiation characteristics
of an antenna. Are you saying you do not think my model
is valid? The results certainly indicate that tilting a
monopole by 15 degrees is pointless -- other than a
marginal improvement in high-angle performance in
one direction.

73,

Frank

On Sep 14, 1:05*pm, "Frank" wrote:
It is noted that the tilted monopole has
a slight gain opposite to the direction of tilt.

Hi Frank,

The numbers hint of mixed polarization results which would come as no
surprise from tilting which tosses in a horizontal component that was
effectively suppressed by a true vertical.

The hint is the collapse of the overhead null, and the marginal
differences close to the horizon.

73's
Richard Clark, KB7QHC

Hi Richard,

There is some horizontal polarization. *The peak
level is about 20 db below the vertically polarized signal.
Certainly sufficient to effect the overhead null.

Hi Art,

The program is Nittany Scientific's implementation of
NEC 4.1. *I must confess I do not understand your
response. *The weak nuclear force about 10^(-9) less
than the strong nuclear force, and its range is limited
to distances smaller than an atomic nucleus, so I
cannot see how it can effect the radiation characteristics
of an antenna. *Are you saying you do not think my model
is valid? *The results certainly indicate that tilting a
monopole by 15 degrees is pointless -- other than a
marginal improvement in high-angle performance in
one direction.

73,

Frank

No Frank I do not deal in baiting. Marginal improvement is not
meaningles in any stretch of the word
I have always kept equilibrium at the center of my discussions
which is exactly what all the masters did. It was the concentration
on equilibrium that provided me with the path and mathematics of the
weak force
a vector put in place by all the masters such that the addition of all
forces finished at zero.
Thus the masters knew all about it, included it in their calculations
as Maxwell did.
You can do the same thing by measuring the tilt vector.
For myself I was looking for a way to make small antennas that was
efficient
thus accurracy is important in my work which means inclusion of all
forces
such that my work was not built on sand. My work revealed the design
of SMALL
efficient antennas where there is a need for today. The weak force is
a side product that supplies
the missing partr for the Universal law theory which was not my
primary project.
I then used a computor program designed around Maxwell to examine the
new antennas
which it does in great style according to my expectations as well as
testing a
configuration for zero radiation which I found quite convincing All
this work represented
a lot of work, study and effort over the years so flippant remarks
from loose tongues has
no effect on me unless accompanied byknown statictics. If you are
beginning a path of baiting
it would be a surprise to me so I am delaying such thoughts.
Have a happy day
Regards
Art
in mind and a full wavelength is in equilibrium where as a half wave
is not

On Sep 14, 1:55*pm, Art Unwin wrote:
On Sep 14, 1:05*pm, "Frank" wrote:



It is noted that the tilted monopole has
a slight gain opposite to the direction of tilt.

Hi Frank,

The numbers hint of mixed polarization results which would come as no
surprise from tilting which tosses in a horizontal component that was
effectively suppressed by a true vertical.

The hint is the collapse of the overhead null, and the marginal
differences close to the horizon.

73's
Richard Clark, KB7QHC

Hi Richard,

There is some horizontal polarization. *The peak
level is about 20 db below the vertically polarized signal.
Certainly sufficient to effect the overhead null.

Hi Art,

The program is Nittany Scientific's implementation of
NEC 4.1. *I must confess I do not understand your
response. *The weak nuclear force about 10^(-9) less
than the strong nuclear force, and its range is limited
to distances smaller than an atomic nucleus, so I
cannot see how it can effect the radiation characteristics
of an antenna. *Are you saying you do not think my model
is valid? *The results certainly indicate that tilting a
monopole by 15 degrees is pointless -- other than a
marginal improvement in high-angle performance in
one direction.

73,

Frank

No Frank I do not deal in baiting. Marginal improvement is not
meaningles in any stretch of the word
*I have always kept equilibrium at the center of my discussions
*which is exactly what all the masters did. It was the concentration
*on equilibrium that provided me with the path and mathematics of the
weak force
a vector put in place by all the masters such that the addition of all
forces finished at zero.
Thus the masters knew all about it, included it in their calculations
as Maxwell did.
You can do the same thing by measuring the tilt vector.
*For myself I was looking for a way to make small antennas that was
efficient
thus accurracy is important in my work which means inclusion of all
forces
such that my work was not built on sand. My work revealed the design
of SMALL
efficient antennas where there is a need for today. The weak force is
a side product that supplies
the missing partr for the Universal law theory which was not my
primary project.
I then used a computor program designed around Maxwell to examine the
new antennas
which it does in great style according to my expectations as well as
testing a
configuration for zero radiation which I found quite convincing All
this work represented
a lot of work, study and effort over the years so flippant remarks
from loose tongues has
no effect on me unless accompanied byknown statictics. If you are
beginning a path of baiting
it would be a surprise to me so I am delaying such thoughts.
Have a happy day
Regards
Art
*in mind and a full wavelength is in equilibrium where as a half wave
is not

OOps I did not answer your nuclear question.
A static particle is just that a nearly depleted container of energy
with mass.
The arbitrary border around the sun is there as a line of equilibrium
where the inner forces are balanced
by the external forces. The sun burns so it produces by-products where
the energy that the burning removes
leaves only a half life of neuclear energy the accumulation of which
expands the arbritary bounday where physics demand
that an equalization of force must be established and allows the bye
products to escape. These particles have little direction in their
future travels
because of lack of spin needed for straight line trajectory. They can
how ever receive energy by the entrance to a magnetic field but again
without spin
it is determined to be static and thus come to rest on a material that
will not absorb it into its own atomic structure. Earth is a structure
where than 95 %
of the structure will not absorbe the static particle. Now you
mentioned full life of a nuclear particle and that to is released by
the Sun in the same manner as other particles in what is known as a
solar flare. Because of the considerable retained energy they can be
very destructive when landing on a electrical network to release their
energy prior to taking on a static form. There are many other
particles emitted by the sun which collect in bunches where some of
the particles have color which is a very strong binding force where
its binding force is let loose by the impact of the Earths magnetic
fieldn where the energy emmissions are readily vissible many miles
south of the poles where the released particles fasten on to the
minute droplets of moisture ever present in out atmosphere. Long
answer some of which is at yet unproved and that is where CERN comes
in. What fascinates me there is the ease that particles are "lost" to
moisture droplets and the thinking that a vacuum and a low kelvin
temperature will allow a continued trajectory but they have a lot of
clever people working on that.
Regards.......It has stopped raining
Art

"Art Unwin" wrote
These were shore based installations probably in Hawaii or some island.
With respect to resonance, moving away from such as well as changing
from 15 degrees (Frank's 30 degrees divided by two) would provide a pattern
of distinct advantage which the navy is constantly looking for. For a whip
tipped at an angle of 15 degrees can provide a forward pattern of gain which
can be a big deal
__________

Art -

The graphic linked below is the work of George H. Brown of RCA Labs, from a
1936 paper published in the Proceedings of the IRE.

It is a plot of surface wave field intensity vs.monopole height, including
the distance to the "fade zone" where nighttime skywave radiation returns to
earth to via reflection from the ionosphere to interfere with the surface,
or ground wave.

In it please note:

1. Maximum field strength does not occur at electrically resonant heights of
the monopole (that is, where its feed point terminal reactance is zero).

2. The characteristics plotted are not related to azimuth, therefore the
performance of a broadcast monopole will not be enhanced by "tipping." If
it was, AM broadcast stations would have been doing so starting 70 years
ago.

http://i62.photobucket.com/albums/h8...alMonopole.gif

RF