"Rob" napisal w wiadomosci
...
Szczepan Bialek wrote:
I believe in each your word. But I simply do not know where in your
equipment the "large conductor" is.

In your statements, you never specify what a "large conductor" is.

Here you a
"". In electronic circuit theory, a "ground" is usually idealized as an
infinite source or sink for charge, which can absorb an unlimited amount of
current without changing its potential. Where a real ground connection has a
significant resistance, the approximation of zero potential is no longer
valid. Stray voltages or earth potential rise effects will occur, which may
create noise in signals or if large enough will produce an electric shock
hazard.
The use of the term ground (or earth) is so common in electrical and
electronics applications that circuits in portable electronic devices such
as cell phones and media players as well as circuits in vehicles such as
ships, aircraft, and spacecraft may be spoken of as having a "ground"
connection without any actual connection to the Earth. This is usually a
large conductor attached to one side of the power supply (such as the
"ground plane" on a printed circuit board) which serves as the common return
path for current from many different components in the circuit." From:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_(electricity)


Today, transmitters are often very small and still they work OK without
any earth connection.
How large should a "large conductor" be?

Adequate to electron emission.

Probably it is the coax: "Many conventional coaxial cables use braided
copper wire forming the shield".

The transmitted signal flows only along the inside of the shield of the
coax. The outside is supposed to carry no signal. If it does, there is
a problem with the antenna system.

The outside is the "large conductor".

I also belive in each Tesla's word. He discovered that in his secondary
coil
is the oscillatory electron flow from the earth into the air.
Why is it impossible?
S*

We do not operate our transmitters in the region where electrons start
flowing into the air, because we do not like arcing. Tesla did, but he
was in a different business.

Electron do not start.
Electrons are flowing into the air (and vacuum) at each voltage.
The thin wire is the best "cold cathode".
What are your antennas made of?
S*

Szczepan Bialek wrote:
Today, transmitters are often very small and still they work OK without
any earth connection.
How large should a "large conductor" be?

Adequate to electron emission.

Transmitters do not emit electrons. They emit electromagnetic waves.
You only see electric current in the feed to the antenna, not externally.
When the antenna is not driven relative to earth, this is not causing
current into the earth, and so no connection to earth is required.

Probably it is the coax: "Many conventional coaxial cables use braided
copper wire forming the shield".

The transmitted signal flows only along the inside of the shield of the
coax. The outside is supposed to carry no signal. If it does, there is
a problem with the antenna system.

The outside is the "large conductor".

But in my cellphone, the coax feeding the antenna is maybe only 1cm
long, or even shorter. How can you call it a "large conductor"?

I also belive in each Tesla's word. He discovered that in his secondary
coil
is the oscillatory electron flow from the earth into the air.
Why is it impossible?
S*

We do not operate our transmitters in the region where electrons start
flowing into the air, because we do not like arcing. Tesla did, but he
was in a different business.

Electron do not start.
Electrons are flowing into the air (and vacuum) at each voltage.
The thin wire is the best "cold cathode".

What current do you measure in a wire connected to your 12v car
battery, and hanging freely into the air?
This is the current caused by your electrons flowing into the air.

"Rob" napisal w wiadomosci
...
Szczepan Bialek wrote:
Today, transmitters are often very small and still they work OK without
any earth connection.
How large should a "large conductor" be?

Adequate to electron emission.

Transmitters do not emit electrons.

"Negative corona take place at each voltage:
"A corona is a process by which a current, perhaps sustained, develops
between two high-potential electrodes in a neutral fluid, usually air, by
ionising that fluid so as to create a plasma around one electrode, and by
using the ions generated in plasma-processes as the charge carriers to the
other electrode.
Corona discharge usually involves two asymmetric electrodes, one highly
curved (such as the tip of a needle, or a narrow wire) and one of low
curvature (such as a plate, or the ground). The high curvature ensures a
high potential gradient around one electrode, for the generation of a
plasma.

Coronas may be positive, or negative. This is determined by the polarity of
the voltage on the highly-curved electrode. If the curved electrode is
positive with respect to the flat electrode we say we have a positive
corona, if negative we say we have a negative corona. The physics of
positive and negative coronas are strikingly different. This asymmetry is a
result of the great difference in mass between electrons and positively
charged ions, and so only the electron having the ability to undergo a
significant degree of ionising inelastic collision at common temperatures
and pressures.

An important reason for considering coronas is the production of ozone
around conductors undergoing corona processes. A negative corona generates
much more ozone than the corresponding positive corona. " From:
http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Corona_discharge

"the tip of a needle, or a narrow wire" is a source of the "cathode rays".
They were identyfied in 1895."


They emit electromagnetic waves.
You only see electric current in the feed to the antenna, not externally.

And what about the "displacement current?

When the antenna is not driven relative to earth, this is not causing
current into the earth, and so no connection to earth is required.

Probably it is the coax: "Many conventional coaxial cables use braided
copper wire forming the shield".

The transmitted signal flows only along the inside of the shield of the
coax. The outside is supposed to carry no signal. If it does, there is
a problem with the antenna system.

The outside is the "large conductor".

But in my cellphone, the coax feeding the antenna is maybe only 1cm
long, or even shorter. How can you call it a "large conductor"?

"Large enough."

I also belive in each Tesla's word. He discovered that in his secondary
coil
is the oscillatory electron flow from the earth into the air.
Why is it impossible?
S*

We do not operate our transmitters in the region where electrons start
flowing into the air, because we do not like arcing. Tesla did, but he
was in a different business.

Electron do not start.
Electrons are flowing into the air (and vacuum) at each voltage.
The thin wire is the best "cold cathode".

What current do you measure in a wire connected to your 12v car
battery, and hanging freely into the air?
This is the current caused by your electrons flowing into the air.

""the tip of a needle, or a narrow wire" is a source of the electrons.

For 12 V it should be the nanometers.

Take a rest.
S*

Szczepan Bialek wrote:

"Rob" napisal w wiadomosci
...
Szczepan Bialek wrote:
Today, transmitters are often very small and still they work OK without
any earth connection.
How large should a "large conductor" be?

Adequate to electron emission.

Transmitters do not emit electrons.

"Negative corona take place at each voltage:

No, it does not.

Corona only occurs with sufficiently high voltages.

The voltages on most antennas is no where high enough to cause corona.

"A corona is a process by which a current, perhaps sustained, develops
between two high-potential electrodes

There you have it: "two high-potential electrodes".

snip

But in my cellphone, the coax feeding the antenna is maybe only 1cm
long, or even shorter. How can you call it a "large conductor"?

"Large enough."

There is no coax in my cellphone, my 2M handheld, or my aviation handheld.

The cases of all of them are plastic and there is no "large conductor" nor
is there any "ground plane".

Yet they all work.

You are a babbling idiot.

snip

""the tip of a needle, or a narrow wire" is a source of the electrons.

For 12 V it should be the nanometers.

For 12V there is no corona as the voltage is too low to initiate a corona
no matter how small a tip you put on the wire.

Take a rest.

Get therapy.

On Apr 19, 12:08*pm, "Szczepan Bialek" wrote:
And what about the "displacement current?

If Maxwell had known about photons, he would never have invented
displacement current.

Assume we have an ideal transmission line terminated in an ideal
capacitor with two plates. It's easy to prove that the displacement
current flowing from one plate back up the transmission line, through
the source, back down the transmission line onto the other capacitor
plate has to be traveling much faster than the speed of light. Does
that give anyone pause to question the very existence of "displacement
current" in reality?
--
73, Cecil, w5dxp.com

"W5DXP" napisal w wiadomosci
...
On Apr 19, 12:08 pm, "Szczepan Bialek" wrote:
And what about the "displacement current?

If Maxwell had known about photons, he would never have invented
displacement current.

Displacement current = small restricted motions of charges in dielectricts
in altrnate electric field.
It be always true..


Assume we have an ideal transmission line terminated in an ideal
capacitor with two plates. It's easy to prove that the displacement
current flowing from one plate back up the transmission line, through
the source, back down the transmission line onto the other capacitor
plate has to be traveling much faster than the speed of light. Does
that give anyone pause to question the very existence of "displacement
current" in reality?

What is the source of the heat in microwave oven?
S*

Szczepan Bialek wrote:
What is the source of the heat in microwave oven?

Marconi did not have a microwave oven!

On Apr 20, 2:50*am, "Szczepan Bialek" wrote:
What is the source of the heat in microwave oven?

The Big Bang is the source of all energy in the universe.
Microwave photons are the immediate cause of heating in a microwave
oven. If you don't believe that photons can cause heating, go stand in
front of an active radar dish.
--
73, Cecil, w5dxp.com

"W5DXP" napisal w wiadomosci
...
On Apr 20, 2:50 am, "Szczepan Bialek" wrote:
What is the source of the heat in microwave oven?

The Big Bang is the source of all energy in the universe.
Microwave photons are the immediate cause of heating in a microwave
oven.

Photons are the wave packets. It apply only to natural light and the damped
radio waves.

Todays radio waves are continuous.

If you don't believe that photons can cause heating, go stand in
front of an active radar dish.

There are the "oscilltory flow of electrons".
S*

Szczepan Bialek wrote:

What is the source of the heat in microwave oven?

Resistive loss.