Richard Clark, KB7QHC wrote:
"In land stations the actual effective height is from 50 to 90% of the
measured height."

If the effective height is 50%, volts at the antenna terminals are no
more than 50% numericcally of the volts per meter in the field strength
when all else is optimum. This could account for Reg`s 2 to 1
discrepancy. I wonder what the speculations of Reg and his Icelandic
correspondent are? Do they have a formula to predict effective height?
Does Roy have such a formula? It`s a factor which won`t go away, even
when ignored..

Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI