Ideas for a homemade mobile antenna.
I have constructed a homeade antenna that is mounted on a trunk-lip mount on
a Nissan Sentra. The bottom is 18" of 1/2" copper pipe with a 3/8" theaded adapter soldered in the bottom. There is a 9" long peice of pvc with a 2" diameter 6ga. copper coil around it. Then there is 4" more copper pipe with a 3ft' stainless tip on top. The problem is that it would be too easy to bend the trunk with copper pipe. I thought about a spring but then the whole thing would bend too much when the trunk is opened. If I move the coil down below roof level, the SWR goes way up. I thought about using pvc for the lower part but I can't quite figure out how to construct it. I may take some pictures of what I have. Stay tuned...... |
Here are some pictures
http://home.earthlink.net/~cjohnson1379/ "Chris" wrote in message nk.net... I have constructed a homeade antenna that is mounted on a trunk-lip mount on a Nissan Sentra. The bottom is 18" of 1/2" copper pipe with a 3/8" theaded adapter soldered in the bottom. There is a 9" long peice of pvc with a 2" diameter 6ga. copper coil around it. Then there is 4" more copper pipe with a 3ft' stainless tip on top. The problem is that it would be too easy to bend the trunk with copper pipe. I thought about a spring but then the whole thing would bend too much when the trunk is opened. If I move the coil down below roof level, the SWR goes way up. I thought about using pvc for the lower part but I can't quite figure out how to construct it. I may take some pictures of what I have. Stay tuned...... |
Chris;
Nice home brewed antenna for the mobile. You are right about bending the trunk lip with an antenna that size. Some people use guy wires, made out of nylon rope or string, to take some of the forces off the antenna while driving. Most people use a form of bumper mount, or the trailer hitch. Either one would let you construct a more robust mount for the antenna. Also I would strongly suggest that you don't use regular lead-tin solder for any area that you have to have high mechanical strength. It will crack I'll guarantee you. You will have to use silver solder in its place. Also try posting some messages on "rec.radio.amateur.antenna". They don't care if you're a Ham, CBer, or what ever so long as you have an interest in antennas. Some of those guys have already been down the road you're on and can give you some VERY valuable tips on how to go about your project. Good luck. -- Leland C. Scott KC8LDO Wireless Network Mobile computing on the go brought to you by Micro$oft "Chris" wrote in message nk.net... Here are some pictures http://home.earthlink.net/~cjohnson1379/ "Chris" wrote in message nk.net... I have constructed a homeade antenna that is mounted on a trunk-lip mount on a Nissan Sentra. The bottom is 18" of 1/2" copper pipe with a 3/8" theaded adapter soldered in the bottom. There is a 9" long peice of pvc with a 2" diameter 6ga. copper coil around it. Then there is 4" more copper pipe with a 3ft' stainless tip on top. The problem is that it would be too easy to bend the trunk with copper pipe. I thought about a spring but then the whole thing would bend too much when the trunk is opened. If I move the coil down below roof level, the SWR goes way up. I thought about using pvc for the lower part but I can't quite figure out how to construct it. I may take some pictures of what I have. Stay tuned...... |
"Leland C. Scott" wrote in message ... Also try posting some messages on "rec.radio.amateur.antenna". They don't care if you're a Ham, CBer, or what ever so long as you have an interest in antennas. Unlike you, you faggot ass cock sucker. "Leland C. Scott" wrote in message: He's going to get a Ham ticket so he's not limited to putzing around on 11m any more. -- Leland C. Scott KC8LD0 |
"Chris" wrote in message ink.net...
Here are some pictures http://home.earthlink.net/~cjohnson1379/ "Chris" wrote in message nk.net... I have constructed a homeade antenna that is mounted on a trunk-lip mount on a Nissan Sentra. The bottom is 18" of 1/2" copper pipe with a 3/8" theaded adapter soldered in the bottom. There is a 9" long peice of pvc with a 2" diameter 6ga. copper coil around it. Then there is 4" more copper pipe with a 3ft' stainless tip on top. The problem is that it would be too easy to bend the trunk with copper pipe. I thought about a spring but then the whole thing would bend too much when the trunk is opened. If I move the coil down below roof level, the SWR goes way up. I thought about using pvc for the lower part but I can't quite figure out how to construct it. I may take some pictures of what I have. Stay tuned...... yes I agree you do nice work chris one question though the 6ga copper coil and 1/2 in copper pipe are overkill for CB no need to go that big unless you are running megawatts. Even with your illegal 100 w amp you still only need a wilson or equivelent that would be much less weight and problems. but may be you just like the look of it etc. the heavy duty badass appearance kind of like car hood hold down pins on a stock engine lol |
"Bada Bing" wrote in message s.com... "Leland C. Scott" wrote in message ... Also try posting some messages on "rec.radio.amateur.antenna". They don't care if you're a Ham, CBer, or what ever so long as you have an interest in antennas. Unlike you, you faggot ass cock sucker. "Leland C. Scott" wrote in message: He's going to get a Ham ticket so he's not limited to putzing around on 11m any more. Leland C. Scott KC8LD0 KC8LDO, offended the nation and disgraced himself by undermining the death and tragedy in NYC while comparing it to his personal crusade of cleaning up the cb channels with: That's easy to explain. As another poster a short time back said about Part 95 rules "I don't care", well you see what happens when that mind set gets applied in a different context. It is very apparent they didn't care about human life either, including their own. Leland C. Scott KC8LDO ARRL Member |
Thanks. I just wanted to prove to myself that I could make my own antenna
and see how well it worked. There are 2 reasons for the large coil. In comparing a few antennas of roughly equal length, the ones with large open coils tend to be more broad-banded. Larger materials also have less resistive loss and more radiating are. The lower part doesn't really have to be 1/2' copper pipe but it was the first thing I thought of. I'm going with copper wire wrapped on pvc shortly. Chris "I Am Not George" wrote in message m... "Chris" wrote in message ink.net... Here are some pictures http://home.earthlink.net/~cjohnson1379/ "Chris" wrote in message nk.net... I have constructed a homeade antenna that is mounted on a trunk-lip mount on a Nissan Sentra. The bottom is 18" of 1/2" copper pipe with a 3/8" theaded adapter soldered in the bottom. There is a 9" long peice of pvc with a 2" diameter 6ga. copper coil around it. Then there is 4" more copper pipe with a 3ft' stainless tip on top. The problem is that it would be too easy to bend the trunk with copper pipe. I thought about a spring but then the whole thing would bend too much when the trunk is opened. If I move the coil down below roof level, the SWR goes way up. I thought about using pvc for the lower part but I can't quite figure out how to construct it. I may take some pictures of what I have. Stay tuned...... yes I agree you do nice work chris one question though the 6ga copper coil and 1/2 in copper pipe are overkill for CB no need to go that big unless you are running megawatts. Even with your illegal 100 w amp you still only need a wilson or equivelent that would be much less weight and problems. but may be you just like the look of it etc. the heavy duty badass appearance kind of like car hood hold down pins on a stock engine lol |
"Twistedhed" wrote in message ws.com...
KC8LDO, offended the nation and disgraced himself by undermining the death and tragedy in NYC while comparing it to his personal crusade of cleaning up the cb channels with: That's easy to explain. As another poster a short time back said about Part 95 rules "I don't care", well you see what happens when that mind set gets applied in a different context. It is very apparent they didn't care about human life either, including their own. Leland C. Scott KC8LDO ARRL Member Leland Scott is one of the most honest and honorable men ever to post in rrcb and your twisted propoganda can't ever change that. |
|
|
"Leland C. Scott" wrote:
"Bada Bing" wrote in message s.com... Unlike you, you faggot ass cock sucker begin 666 BlackJackPershing1.jpg [88549 bytes] end Is this a binary group? |
|
|
Lancer wrote:
On 13 Jun 2004 20:29:08 GMT, Steveo wrote: Who's apartment? Nads. |
"Steveo" wrote in message ... "Leland C. Scott" wrote: "Bada Bing" wrote in message s.com... Unlike you, you faggot ass cock sucker begin 666 BlackJackPershing1.jpg [88549 bytes] end Is this a binary group? You're not in charge. -- Leland C. Scott KC8LDO Wireless Network Mobile computing on the go brought to you by Micro$oft |
Lancer wrote:
On 13 Jun 2004 20:29:08 GMT, Steveo wrote: Who's apartment? Here's geo's: http://tinyurl.com/3aysh |
Lancer wrote:
On 13 Jun 2004 14:55:14 -0700, (I Am Not George) wrote: Lancer wrote: On 13 Jun 2004 13:29:14 -0700, (I Am Not George) wrote: Lancer wrote: Chris; Nice looking antenna, large open air coils are more efficient. Some people see a large open air coil and think its all about power handling capability. rotflmao I dont think mounting 8 lb. of plumbing on your trunk lid is efficient. There are easier ways to get bandwith. for example if you want efficient youd be using a 9 ft whip. even bent over like a bow the 9 ft is more efficient than a 4 ft loaded open air coil model. You don't have a clue to what you are talking about. http://tinyurl.com/yq3gd 1) Broad Bandwidth does not mean an antenna is more efficient. I didnt bring up bandwith someone else did You sure did, look back at your post. 2) No one ever said a 4 ft antenna was more efficient than 9 ft one. no you said the open air coils were more efficient They are more efficient than a coil wound on a solid form. Want to argue that point? And an isotropic radiator is more efficient than an open air coil. Want to argue that point? 3) A 9 foot antenna "bent over" will more than likely be less efficient than a properly designed 4 or 5 foot antenna. the open air coil antenna is less efficient because the coil radiates part of the power and that power is lost. Wrong, the coil has very little radiation. The open air coil has less loss because the losses are less in an open air coil. (resistive losses, capacitive coupling losses, form loss) Do a search on coil Q Care to argue that point? "The open air coil has less loss because the losses are less in an open air coil." thats like Twisty saying "its true because I said so" lol. Care to argue that point? 4) A stainless steel antenna is less efficient than a copper antenna of the same length. not if its electrically shorter than the stainless one Electrically shorter? You meant physically shorter. I can take a 18 foot antenna and make it electrically shorter than 9 feet while still keeping it 18 feet long. dumbass congratulations you have been reading the arrl handbook now what does it say about losses from loading coils you should read that and get back to us. Now do you care to make another post and prove what a stupid dumbass you are when it comes to antenna theory? the only dumbass here is you lol You have again proven you are a stupid dumbass that knows nothing about antennas. Care to try again? Give up assclown look at my original post and see how far away from the point you have taken this thread in an attempt to pretend you know something. you must be as frustrated as Steveo because he is posting aerial pics of wa3moj's niegborhood lol |
|
"BP" wrote in message ... (I Am Not George) wrote in m: "Twistedhed" wrote in message ws.com... KC8LDO, offended the nation and disgraced himself by undermining the death and tragedy in NYC while comparing it to his personal crusade of cleaning up the cb channels with: That's easy to explain. As another poster a short time back said about Part 95 rules "I don't care", well you see what happens when that mind set gets applied in a different context. It is very apparent they didn't care about human life either, including their own. Leland C. Scott KC8LDO ARRL Member Leland Scott is one of the most honest and honorable men ever to post in rrcb and your twisted propoganda can't ever change that. LMAO! Ditto!!! Landshark -- Treat people as if they were what they ought to be and you will help them become what they are capable of becoming. |
"hypocrite Landshark" wrote:
"BP" wrote in message ... (I Am Not George) wrote in m: "Twistedhed" wrote in message ws.com... KC8LDO, offended the nation and disgraced himself by undermining the death and tragedy in NYC while comparing it to his personal crusade of cleaning up the cb channels with: That's easy to explain. As another poster a short time back said about Part 95 rules "I don't care", well you see what happens when that mind set gets applied in a different context. It is very apparent they didn't care about human life either, including their own. Leland C. Scott KC8LDO ARRL Member Leland Scott is one of the most honest and honorable men ever to post in rrcb and your twisted propoganda can't ever change that. LMAO! Ditto!!! Landshark what proof do you have that Leland is other than what I say he is |
(I Am Not George) wrote in
m: "hypocrite Landshark" wrote: "BP" wrote in message ... (I Am Not George) wrote in m: "Twistedhed" wrote in message ws.com... KC8LDO, offended the nation and disgraced himself by undermining the death and tragedy in NYC while comparing it to his personal crusade of cleaning up the cb channels with: That's easy to explain. As another poster a short time back said about Part 95 rules "I don't care", well you see what happens when that mind set gets applied in a different context. It is very apparent they didn't care about human life either, including their own. Leland C. Scott KC8LDO ARRL Member Leland Scott is one of the most honest and honorable men ever to post in rrcb and your twisted propoganda can't ever change that. LMAO! Ditto!!! Landshark what proof do you have that Leland is other than what I say he is Look Mom, I found a google troll.. ..."Get rid of it, dear.. they're disgusting, filthy vermin" |
|
In p7jpc05ugaf983cn5th32r7rd99cgvbh71@2355323778, Lancer
wrote: snip Wrong, the coil has very little radiation. The open air coil has less loss because the losses are less in an open air coil. (resistive losses, capacitive coupling losses, form loss) Do a search on coil Q Care to argue that point? I would. What happens when you bring a solid sheet of conductive material close to the end of a coil? Eddy currents -- it has tremendous losses, the Q drops like a rock, and it's inductance is unpredictable. It's a royal bitch to design a shielded IF/RF coil or transformer to be used for high frequencies, and shielding is almost -never- used for power RF coils and transformers unless there is some serious space between the inductor and shield, hence the popularity of toroid cores for those applications. And since a bigger coil makes a bigger field, you need much more 'free space' to maintain a high-Q. Vertically mounting a big coil above the sheet metal of a vehicle results in a very lossy coil. 4) A stainless steel antenna is less efficient than a copper antenna of the same length. not if its electrically shorter than the stainless one Electrically shorter? You meant physically shorter. I can take a 18 foot antenna and make it electrically shorter than 9 feet while still keeping it 18 feet long. dumbass The difference between copper and stainless steel is not very significant at 27 MHz. What -is- significant is that bare copper will quickly form a layer of corrosion (visible or not) which will render an excellent conductor useless for RF. So unless you are willing to polish and degrease the antenna every day, I'll take the stainless. -----= Posted via Newsfeeds.Com, Uncensored Usenet News =----- http://www.newsfeeds.com - The #1 Newsgroup Service in the World! -----== Over 100,000 Newsgroups - 19 Different Servers! =----- |
On Mon, 14 Jun 2004 05:20:37 -0700, Frank Gilliland
wrote: In p7jpc05ugaf983cn5th32r7rd99cgvbh71@2355323778, Lancer wrote: snip Wrong, the coil has very little radiation. The open air coil has less loss because the losses are less in an open air coil. (resistive losses, capacitive coupling losses, form loss) Do a search on coil Q Care to argue that point? I would. What happens when you bring a solid sheet of conductive material close to the end of a coil? Eddy currents -- it has tremendous losses, the Q drops like a rock, and it's inductance is unpredictable. It's a royal bitch to design a shielded IF/RF coil or transformer to be used for high frequencies, and shielding is almost -never- used for power RF coils and transformers unless there is some serious space between the inductor and shield, hence the popularity of toroid cores for those applications. And since a bigger coil makes a bigger field, you need much more 'free space' to maintain a high-Q. Vertically mounting a big coil above the sheet metal of a vehicle results in a very lossy coil. I would think that 4 feet would be more than enough distance. So you would say that a large air wound coil has more loss than a small diameter coild wound on a solid form? |
In , Lancer
wrote: On Mon, 14 Jun 2004 05:20:37 -0700, Frank Gilliland wrote: In p7jpc05ugaf983cn5th32r7rd99cgvbh71@2355323778, Lancer wrote: snip Wrong, the coil has very little radiation. The open air coil has less loss because the losses are less in an open air coil. (resistive losses, capacitive coupling losses, form loss) Do a search on coil Q Care to argue that point? I would. What happens when you bring a solid sheet of conductive material close to the end of a coil? Eddy currents -- it has tremendous losses, the Q drops like a rock, and it's inductance is unpredictable. It's a royal bitch to design a shielded IF/RF coil or transformer to be used for high frequencies, and shielding is almost -never- used for power RF coils and transformers unless there is some serious space between the inductor and shield, hence the popularity of toroid cores for those applications. And since a bigger coil makes a bigger field, you need much more 'free space' to maintain a high-Q. Vertically mounting a big coil above the sheet metal of a vehicle results in a very lossy coil. I would think that 4 feet would be more than enough distance. It would depend on the diameter of the coil. I remember there is an equation somewhere to determine the loss, but it involves some heavy calculus and it's too early in the morning for integrals. So you would say that a large air wound coil has more loss than a small diameter coild wound on a solid form? No, not necessarily. If the wire diameter is the same, the smaller coil might easily be more efficient due to lower DC resistance. Distributed capacitance isn't much of an issue at 27 MHz unless you have lots of close-wound turns, and even then it's not necessarily a loss but a factor that affects the coil's reactance. Regardless, there are very effective winding techniques to reduce that problem. There are many low-loss coil form materials available, such as Teflon, some of the better quality ceramics, and even grooved hardwood makes a decent core at RF frequencies (however, PVC sucks above a couple hundred kHz). There is also the issue of weather conditions that can significantly affect an open coil regardless of whether or not the wire is insulated -- rain/humidity, snow, air pollutants (ozone can make a -=BIG=- difference!), etc. Even the speed of the vehicle can have an effect on the properties of an open coil. For the sake of consistency and longevity, a smaller coil that is sealed from the elements (as a whole) is a far better choice for anyone serious about the issue. -----= Posted via Newsfeeds.Com, Uncensored Usenet News =----- http://www.newsfeeds.com - The #1 Newsgroup Service in the World! -----== Over 100,000 Newsgroups - 19 Different Servers! =----- |
"BP" wrote in message ... (I Am Not George) wrote in m: "hypocrite Landshark" wrote: "BP" wrote in message ... (I Am Not George) wrote in m: "Twistedhed" wrote in message ws.com... KC8LDO, offended the nation and disgraced himself by undermining the death and tragedy in NYC while comparing it to his personal crusade of cleaning up the cb channels with: That's easy to explain. As another poster a short time back said about Part 95 rules "I don't care", well you see what happens when that mind set gets applied in a different context. It is very apparent they didn't care about human life either, including their own. Leland C. Scott KC8LDO ARRL Member Leland Scott is one of the most honest and honorable men ever to post in rrcb and your twisted propoganda can't ever change that. LMAO! Ditto!!! Landshark what proof do you have that Leland is other than what I say he is Look Mom, I found a google troll.. .."Get rid of it, dear.. they're disgusting, filthy vermin" LOL!!! I love it. All I do is type Ditto to "LMAO" and notice Geo calls ME a hypocrite. He should talk, right BP. He defends Doug a known Felon, repeater jammer, porn poster, spammer, nut case. Leland defends Doug too, so George has no legs to stand on when calling other people hypocrites. Landshark -- Treat people as if they were what they ought to be and you will help them become what they are capable of becoming. |
On Mon, 14 Jun 2004 08:14:58 -0500, itoldyouiamnotiamnotgeorge
wrote: Lancer wrote in news:d26rc0h5q71rrak6oho7lll899pk768s4l@ 4ax.com: I would think that 4 feet would be more than enough distance. So you would say that a large air wound coil has more loss than a small diameter coild wound on a solid form? There are no large coil cb antennas where the coil is 4' from the vehicle roof, they are all mounted 18" or less. Bug Catchers aren't.. so all isn't correct. |
Replacing the lower section with pvc for flexibility. Sorry this thread is
hard to follow....too much off topic content. Chris "Lancer" wrote in message news:2mnoc0p0cgsoo8ro0am9fiqsisoms2utlt@2355323778 ... On Sat, 12 Jun 2004 23:52:38 GMT, "Chris" wrote: Thanks. I just wanted to prove to myself that I could make my own antenna and see how well it worked. There are 2 reasons for the large coil. In comparing a few antennas of roughly equal length, the ones with large open coils tend to be more broad-banded. Larger materials also have less resistive loss and more radiating are. The lower part doesn't really have to be 1/2' copper pipe but it was the first thing I thought of. I'm going with copper wire wrapped on pvc shortly. Chris Chris; Nice looking antenna, large open air coils are more efficient. Some people see a large open air coil and think its all about power handling capability. Are you planning on replacing the coil with pvc wrapped with wire, or the lower section? If you want to beef up the lower secton you might take a trip to a hamfest and pick up a lower section of a Newtronics Hustler. |
On Mon, 14 Jun 2004 14:02:15 GMT, "Chris"
wrote: Replacing the lower section with pvc for flexibility. Sorry this thread is hard to follow....too much off topic content. Chris; yes there is, and for that I apologize. PVC gets very brittle when exposed to sun or cold. You might need to think about hooking some kind of line to it keep from losing the top of the antenna in case it breaks. |
Landshark wrote:
LOL!!! I love it. All I do is type Ditto to "LMAO" and notice Geo calls ME a hypocrite. He should talk, right BP. He defends Doug a known Felon, repeater jammer, porn poster, spammer, nut case. Leland defends Doug too, so George has no legs to stand on when calling other people hypocrites. =A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0La ndshark _ Frank and Hall and both ran to defend N8WWM on many occasions, too. This little group is what comprises the "akc" that Frank always refers. Hell, "AKC" is one of Frank's favorite terms,,google THAT term and see who pioneered it,,,Doug, Frank, Lelnad, Geogre, and Hall..in that order. |
rotflmao I dont think mounting 8 lb. of plumbing on your trunk lid is efficient. There are easier ways to get bandwith. for example if you want efficient youd be using a 9 ft whip. even bent over like a bow the 9 ft is more efficient than a 4 ft loaded open air coil model. Huh......... A bent over 9 foot whip has a very noticeable Loss compared to a efficient 4 or 5 foot vertical. |
|
Lancer wrote:
On Mon, 14 Jun 2004 16:15:27 -0400, wrote: rotflmao I dont think mounting 8 lb. of plumbing on your trunk lid is efficient. There are easier ways to get bandwith. for example if you want efficient youd be using a 9 ft whip. even bent over like a bow the 9 ft is more efficient than a 4 ft loaded open air coil model. Huh......... A bent over 9 foot whip has a very noticeable Loss compared to a efficient 4 or 5 foot vertical. how do you know have you modeled it hoople head? Hi tnom; Long time no see. Hope everything's been good with you. birds of a feather lol |
Lancer wrote:
On Sat, 12 Jun 2004 23:52:38 GMT, "Chris" wrote: Thanks. I just wanted to prove to myself that I could make my own antenna and see how well it worked. There are 2 reasons for the large coil. In comparing a few antennas of roughly equal length, the ones with large open coils tend to be more broad-banded. Larger materials also have less resistive loss and more radiating are. The lower part doesn't really have to be 1/2' copper pipe but it was the first thing I thought of. I'm going with copper wire wrapped on pvc shortly. Chris Chris; Nice looking antenna, large open air coils are more efficient. Some people see a large open air coil and think its all about power handling capability. Are you planning on replacing the coil with pvc wrapped with wire, or the lower section? If you want to beef up the lower secton you might take a trip to a hamfest and pick up a lower section of a Newtronics Hustler. Hey Jay, what do you think about this antenna, and any news on the 10K mobile yet? |
Huh......... A bent over 9 foot whip has a very noticeable Loss compared to a efficient 4 or 5 foot vertical. how do you know have you modeled it hoople head? Many times...........even tested them. |
|
(I Am Not George) wrote:
wrote: Huh......... A bent over 9 foot whip has a very noticeable Loss compared to a efficient 4 or 5 foot vertical. how do you know have you modeled it hoople head? Many times...........even tested them. Sorry your tests results were debunked by Frank in the xterminator thread, you are a voodoo tech You sure do like to speak for Frank and Leland. hmmm -- I won't retire, but I might retread. |
Steveo wrote:
(I Am Not George) wrote: wrote: Huh......... A bent over 9 foot whip has a very noticeable Loss compared to a efficient 4 or 5 foot vertical. how do you know have you modeled it hoople head? Many times...........even tested them. Sorry your tests results were debunked by Frank in the xterminator thread, you are a voodoo tech You sure do like to speak for Frank and Leland. hmmm Not speaking for them just stating a fact Tnoms antenna tests were shown for what they are which is voodou cb science. |
(I Am Not George) wrote:
Steveo wrote: (I Am Not George) wrote: wrote: Huh......... A bent over 9 foot whip has a very noticeable Loss compared to a efficient 4 or 5 foot vertical. how do you know have you modeled it hoople head? Many times...........even tested them. Sorry your tests results were debunked by Frank in the xterminator thread, you are a voodoo tech You sure do like to speak for Frank and Leland. hmmm Not speaking for them Bull tweety..call the google line and punch in with Leland and Frank as your advanced search. Report back with your findings, google-****. -- I won't retire, but I might retread. |
All times are GMT +1. The time now is 04:14 PM. |
Powered by vBulletin® Copyright ©2000 - 2024, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.
RadioBanter.com