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#1
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QUESTION: Homebrew Spread spectrum
Can anyone out there tell me a good source of practical information
(schematics and the like) for building SS transmitters and receivers. I'm particularly interested in how I'd design the part of the receiver that acquires then tracks the synchronisation signal from the transmitter (correlation etc) I did an initial scout around on the net but the only stuff I could come up with was TAPR but there's seemed to have been cancelled. I'm into experimenting, and not afraid of math (an electronic engineer from a long time ago...) Can anyone help me here... Tim |
#2
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Timothy C Holtom wrote:
Can anyone out there tell me a good source of practical information (schematics and the like) for building SS transmitters and receivers. I'm particularly interested in how I'd design the part of the receiver that acquires then tracks the synchronisation signal from the transmitter (correlation etc) I did an initial scout around on the net but the only stuff I could come up with was TAPR but there's seemed to have been cancelled. I'm into experimenting, and not afraid of math (an electronic engineer from a long time ago...) Can anyone help me here... I have Dixon's text on spread spectrum techniques, but that's perhaps Too Much Information. The TAPR has a book out on spread spectrum in ham radio, which may be more to the point. Have a quick look at http://www.tapr.org/tapr/html/Fpub.ss.html. And of course a google on `"Spread spectrum" book` will give lots and lots of hits on textbooks. But as for synchronization, you have to know roughly where in the FH or PN sequence the transmitter is, and then adjust your receiver clock to sync up, and then do early-late tracking to keep the RX clock synced up with the TX clock. If I were doing it, I'd always start at the beginning of the FH or PN sequence for each transmission, and build my receiver to expect the TX to do that. Otherwise it starts looking too much like crypto for me to want to deal with it. -- Mike Andrews Tired old sysadmin |
#3
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Timothy C Holtom wrote:
Can anyone out there tell me a good source of practical information (schematics and the like) for building SS transmitters and receivers. I'm particularly interested in how I'd design the part of the receiver that acquires then tracks the synchronisation signal from the transmitter (correlation etc) I did an initial scout around on the net but the only stuff I could come up with was TAPR but there's seemed to have been cancelled. I'm into experimenting, and not afraid of math (an electronic engineer from a long time ago...) Can anyone help me here... I have Dixon's text on spread spectrum techniques, but that's perhaps Too Much Information. The TAPR has a book out on spread spectrum in ham radio, which may be more to the point. Have a quick look at http://www.tapr.org/tapr/html/Fpub.ss.html. And of course a google on `"Spread spectrum" book` will give lots and lots of hits on textbooks. But as for synchronization, you have to know roughly where in the FH or PN sequence the transmitter is, and then adjust your receiver clock to sync up, and then do early-late tracking to keep the RX clock synced up with the TX clock. If I were doing it, I'd always start at the beginning of the FH or PN sequence for each transmission, and build my receiver to expect the TX to do that. Otherwise it starts looking too much like crypto for me to want to deal with it. -- Mike Andrews Tired old sysadmin |
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#6
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Timothy C Holtom wrote:
Can anyone out there tell me a good source of practical information (schematics and the like) for building SS transmitters and receivers. I'm particularly interested in how I'd design the part of the receiver that acquires then tracks the synchronisation signal from the transmitter (correlation etc) I did an initial scout around on the net but the only stuff I could come up with was TAPR but there's seemed to have been cancelled. I'm into experimenting, and not afraid of math (an electronic engineer from a long time ago...) Can anyone help me here... Tim The '88 ARRL handbook had a spread-spectrum project. You'll need to find a buddy to implement one, too. -- Tim Wescott Wescott Design Services http://www.wescottdesign.com |
#7
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Timothy C Holtom wrote:
Can anyone out there tell me a good source of practical information (schematics and the like) for building SS transmitters and receivers. I'm particularly interested in how I'd design the part of the receiver that acquires then tracks the synchronisation signal from the transmitter (correlation etc) I did an initial scout around on the net but the only stuff I could come up with was TAPR but there's seemed to have been cancelled. I'm into experimenting, and not afraid of math (an electronic engineer from a long time ago...) Can anyone help me here... Tim The '88 ARRL handbook had a spread-spectrum project. You'll need to find a buddy to implement one, too. -- Tim Wescott Wescott Design Services http://www.wescottdesign.com |
#8
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Tom Bruhns wrote:
W7WKR was doing some experimenting in that area a few years ago (w/FCC permission), and likely would share some info. I don't have his email address handy, but perhaps you can find it with a search. Since very accurate time is available, it should be possible to get close in the sequence. A typical way to lock onto pseudorandom things is through correlation. But how do you optimize things when there's fading and very weak signals to begin with? Well, the nice thing about spread spectrum is that it effectively integrates all that under-the-noise signal and produces something with a lot more amplitude. And yes, the autocorrelation properties of the PN sequences are very important in synchronization: the output of the correlator is something close to 1/n for out-of-sync and 1 for in- sync. The difficulty is knowing roughly where in a long sequence to start the search, and that's why the military GPS receivers use the C/A (Coarse Acquisition) signals to get the Precise Positioning Service parts of the receivers in the ball park. Once they've done that, it's the same old game: slew the clock and look for a jump in the output of the correlator. -- Mike Andrews Tired old sysadmin, math jock very much interested in SS |
#9
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Tom Bruhns wrote:
W7WKR was doing some experimenting in that area a few years ago (w/FCC permission), and likely would share some info. I don't have his email address handy, but perhaps you can find it with a search. Since very accurate time is available, it should be possible to get close in the sequence. A typical way to lock onto pseudorandom things is through correlation. But how do you optimize things when there's fading and very weak signals to begin with? Well, the nice thing about spread spectrum is that it effectively integrates all that under-the-noise signal and produces something with a lot more amplitude. And yes, the autocorrelation properties of the PN sequences are very important in synchronization: the output of the correlator is something close to 1/n for out-of-sync and 1 for in- sync. The difficulty is knowing roughly where in a long sequence to start the search, and that's why the military GPS receivers use the C/A (Coarse Acquisition) signals to get the Precise Positioning Service parts of the receivers in the ball park. Once they've done that, it's the same old game: slew the clock and look for a jump in the output of the correlator. -- Mike Andrews Tired old sysadmin, math jock very much interested in SS |
#10
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A company I used to work for manufactured a frequency hopper spread
spectrum unit. It was a 'slow' hopper, with Ack/noack for packets so it would retransmit a missed data packet which covered the case when a particular channel was occupied. The acquisition method would also work for a pretty fast frequency hopper too. It used a master unit that sent a sync signal burst every time it jumped to a new channel. The remote that was looking for the master would jump in a duplicate pattern, but at a slower jump rate until it heard the sync signal from the master. the remote would then start hopping at the correct rate, and follow the master as it hopped. Acquisition might be a bit slow, but it did work nicely, and it allowed other remotes to be turned on at any time and acquire the network. ============== I have never tinkered with an amateur radio version, but it seems to me that the ARRL has a book on spread spectrum and there are some FCC mandated requirements for the PN code, or the hopping pattern for freq hoppers, to allow the FCC to be able to listen in. The FCC also limited which frequency ranges Spread Spectrum can be used on, so I'd do a bit of digging before trying to build hardware...... Jim Pennell N6BIU |
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