"American Insurgent" wrote in message
oups.com...

The Quran has its roots in the oral histories once chanted/recited by
the Arabs, long before they adopted written language. Virtually every
culture from the start of the human race to the widespread use of
writing had what the English language calls "bards". Their histories
were somewhere between singing and what we would think of as prose
recitation. "Chanting" is only a rough description.


Didn't Islam have libraries and universities in Europe shortly after
Muhammed died (8th century AD)?