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I found a note I intended to post but don`t see it so I suppose it was
lost in cyberspace somewhere. I was responding to Owen Duffy. Owen wrote: "How could such a transfer characteristic be argued to be linear?" I responded: Conditioning. Class C amplifiers are used lawfully in great abundance. That is proof enough that they are relatively free from distortion. Pulses in plate current don`t prevent the output of the Class C amplifier from becoming a pure sinusoid. Just as an internal combustion engine uses an almost endless string of exlosions in its cylinders to produce a smooth uniform rotation of its crankshaft and flywheel, the Class C amplifier uses an almost endless series of pulses to produce a smooth sinusoid. I will quote B. Whitfield Griffith, Jr., Principal Engineer (retired) at Continental Electronics, Dallas Texas, builder of many of the world`s most powerful radio transmitters. Griffith says on page 500 of "Radio-Electronic Transmission Fundamentals", that it is important where you couple the load to the Class C amplifier: "Figure 56-2 shows how the class C amplifier might look in a typical arrangement. Many refinements of the circuit, which are necessary for practical reasons, are omitted here, since we are concerned only with the fundamental principles of its operation at this time. The plate load impedance consists of a tank circuit of a type similar ro that of Fig. 15-5; the difference is that the load resistor is in series with the inductance rather than the capacitance. This is the preferred arrangement, because the harmonic components of the plate current all have frequencies higher than the fundamental and quite naturally tend to follow the capacitive branch of the circuit. By extracting power from the inductive branch, therefore we can expect to find less harmonic energy in the output than would be present if we loaded the capacitive branch. This load resistance may be an actual resistor, if we wish to feed the output of this amplifier into a dummy load for measurement purposes, or it may be the input resistance presented by some type of impedance-matching network so arranged that the loading of the amplifier can readily be varied. Another common method is to couple resistance effectively into the tank inductance by means of the mutual inductance between the tank and a secondary coil which is coupled to it magnetically, where resistive loads appear in the secondary circuit. There is also shown in Fig. 56-2 the r-f waveform of voltage and current which we would expect to find at various points in the amplifier circuit. No allowance is made in these illustrations for the differences in potentials of various portions of the circuit; these diagrams are merely representative of the behavior of the r-f potentials and currents. Notice particularly that the r-f plate voltage is 180 degrees out of phase with the r-f grid voltage. The reason for this is easily understood. When the grid is its at its most positive potential, the plate current is at its maximum. As the plate current is drawn through the load impedance, the increase in plate current causes a corresponding reduction in plate voltage. The plate voltage therefore swings downward at the moment the grid voltage swings upward. We also see that the current in the load resistor is lagging the r-f plate voltage by an angle of a little less than 90 degrees. Correct operation of the tank circuit requires that the resistance of this load resistor be much smaller than the reactance of the coil." Best regards, Richard Harrison, KB5WZI |
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