Dale Parfitt wrote:
Thank you Cecil,
That's all I was looking for.

You're welcome and I agree with 95% of what W8JI says.
(For instance, he is mistaken about the delay through
a 100T, 10TPI, 2" diameter 75m loading coil.)

Some may or may not understand why random folding
of antenna radiators tends to change the radiating
conductors into non-radiating conductors. (The same
effect is at work in loading coils.)

When two conductors are carrying differential coherent
currents with no common-mode current, there is negligible
radiation when the two conductors are parallel to
each other and the spacing is a very small fraction of
a wavelength. It's called a transmission line and most
of the losses at HF are I^2*R. Usually, one of the goals
of a transmission line is not to radiate. Transmission line
fields tend to cancel in the near field due to destructive
interference.

A single straight wire in free space is a very efficient
radiator because interference occurs mostly in the far
field. Fold it back upon itself and unless the
second conductor is positioned perfectly, there will exist
differential currents between the two conductors which
will tend to cancel the radiation - leaving mostly I^2*R
losses at HF.

Small folded/loaded antennas tend to cancel the radiating
fields. The only other avenue for a lot of the energy is
conversion to heat.
--
73, Cecil, IEEE, OOTC, http://www.w5dxp.com