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On 9/3/2013 2:07 PM, Jerry Stuckle wrote:
On 9/3/2013 12:47 PM, rickman wrote: On 9/2/2013 1:11 AM, Fred McKenzie wrote: In , wrote: I doubt I'll be mounting this in a boat although that is a possibility someday, I do have a ski boat. But more likely is that I'll mount it at my house on a lake to provide some amount of emergency monitoring. So I expect to mount it in the pickup so it can be easily removed and brought into the house. I guess that means a second antenna too. Rick- I am assuming you can manage the legal requirements for use of the radio. As others mentioned, a license may be needed. One question you must address, is what kind of range do you need to cover? VHF radios are essentially line-of-sight. Due to the curvature of the earth, the "radio horizon" will limit your range. You can estimate the distance in miles to the radio horizon, as the square root of twice the altitude of your antenna in feet. For example, the antenna on the roof of your truck will be approximately five feet off the ground. The square root of ten is about 3.2, so your horizon on level ground will be about 3 miles away. You can add the distance to the kayak's horizon to yours. So it would matter if the kayak is on a mountainous stream or on the open ocean or lake. If vehicle mounting does not provide the range you need, a tall antenna may be required at the house. (Have you considered using cell phones?) ccc Hi Fred, I appreciate the response. I'm not sure there is a lot of value to calculating the line of sight for the antenna mount. I don't have much choice in the mount other than having to make it lower because of some practical consideration like hitting bridges... As to need, I want the max I can get of course. The other end of the link will all be handheld radios. The kayaks will be on the Chesapeake Bay, but close to shore. So land obstructions will be the limiting factor most of the time. At least it seemed that way on prior trips. But I don't have a lot of experience with the hand held units we used so I'm not sure what I should have expected. The sort of issue I'm more interested in discussing are things like what type of antenna and how best to mount and connect it to the radio. Of course, I'm interested in the radios if anyone here has experience with them. I see 25 Watt (which I'm assuming is the max available) units at the bottom end for just over $100 and others which seem to be similar in regards to the specs I understand for over $200 and of course the prices run upward too. Are there aspects I should look for that I need to dig deeper into the specs to find? For example is there some spec on the internals of the receiver that would make a weakly received signal more clear than another radio? What about the speaker itself? Would it be better to have an external speaker or is the internal speaker usually ok? I'm looking for advice from those who are experienced with marine VHF. Of course, I don't know what I don't know, so I'm looking for help figuring out the questions. Rick, You've answered a couple of questions here. First of all, you are in the United States, so are governed by the FCC. Marine radio licenses are not needed for the kayaks while on the river, but land stations (i.e. your truck) would do. You could be considered a "Private Coastal Station". You would have to "provide a service to vessels..." to get this license. I'm not sure if the FCC would consider talking to your kayaks to be "a service to vessels" - I guess it could be argued that it is. Another option would be a "Marine Utility Station" - these restricted to handhelds with ten watts or less power. You still have to "provide a service to vessels". Another option would be the "General Mobile Radio Service". You don't have to provide a service to vessels with this license, but it is basically handhelds in the 1-5 watt range (and can have removable antennas, so you could add an external antenna). You need a license here, but family members can all operate under the same license (individual licenses are not required). Of course, every person operating a radio could get a ham license; you would be much less restricted in your operation (power, frequencies, etc.). You just can't use it for business - which it sounds like you aren't. Each person would have to pass a test (not that hard and many ham clubs around the country provide testing on a regular basis). Of course, it gives you a lot of other options, also - like using a repeater to extend the range of both the kayaks and your truck, assuming one is available (I don't know what's available around the Chesapeake River area, but this area is loaded with repeaters). I hope this helps you with some ideas. Jerry, yes, this helps a lot. Once I was told I needed the license I found the FCC site to be less than clear. I appreciate you laying out the options. I would like to have a more powerful transmitter than the handhelds have, so I think I will research the Private Coastal Station. One of the licenses mentioned on the FCC page says you can fill in the form online and you effectively are licensed as soon as you make the application. I believe this was the "marine utility station license", but I can't find that info at the moment. Does a private costal station have to be stationary? Could I swap the unit between house and vehicle? Or do I need two licenses? -- Rick |
#2
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On 9/3/2013 3:05 PM, rickman wrote:
On 9/3/2013 2:07 PM, Jerry Stuckle wrote: On 9/3/2013 12:47 PM, rickman wrote: On 9/2/2013 1:11 AM, Fred McKenzie wrote: In , wrote: I doubt I'll be mounting this in a boat although that is a possibility someday, I do have a ski boat. But more likely is that I'll mount it at my house on a lake to provide some amount of emergency monitoring. So I expect to mount it in the pickup so it can be easily removed and brought into the house. I guess that means a second antenna too. Rick- I am assuming you can manage the legal requirements for use of the radio. As others mentioned, a license may be needed. One question you must address, is what kind of range do you need to cover? VHF radios are essentially line-of-sight. Due to the curvature of the earth, the "radio horizon" will limit your range. You can estimate the distance in miles to the radio horizon, as the square root of twice the altitude of your antenna in feet. For example, the antenna on the roof of your truck will be approximately five feet off the ground. The square root of ten is about 3.2, so your horizon on level ground will be about 3 miles away. You can add the distance to the kayak's horizon to yours. So it would matter if the kayak is on a mountainous stream or on the open ocean or lake. If vehicle mounting does not provide the range you need, a tall antenna may be required at the house. (Have you considered using cell phones?) ccc Hi Fred, I appreciate the response. I'm not sure there is a lot of value to calculating the line of sight for the antenna mount. I don't have much choice in the mount other than having to make it lower because of some practical consideration like hitting bridges... As to need, I want the max I can get of course. The other end of the link will all be handheld radios. The kayaks will be on the Chesapeake Bay, but close to shore. So land obstructions will be the limiting factor most of the time. At least it seemed that way on prior trips. But I don't have a lot of experience with the hand held units we used so I'm not sure what I should have expected. The sort of issue I'm more interested in discussing are things like what type of antenna and how best to mount and connect it to the radio. Of course, I'm interested in the radios if anyone here has experience with them. I see 25 Watt (which I'm assuming is the max available) units at the bottom end for just over $100 and others which seem to be similar in regards to the specs I understand for over $200 and of course the prices run upward too. Are there aspects I should look for that I need to dig deeper into the specs to find? For example is there some spec on the internals of the receiver that would make a weakly received signal more clear than another radio? What about the speaker itself? Would it be better to have an external speaker or is the internal speaker usually ok? I'm looking for advice from those who are experienced with marine VHF. Of course, I don't know what I don't know, so I'm looking for help figuring out the questions. Rick, You've answered a couple of questions here. First of all, you are in the United States, so are governed by the FCC. Marine radio licenses are not needed for the kayaks while on the river, but land stations (i.e. your truck) would do. You could be considered a "Private Coastal Station". You would have to "provide a service to vessels..." to get this license. I'm not sure if the FCC would consider talking to your kayaks to be "a service to vessels" - I guess it could be argued that it is. Another option would be a "Marine Utility Station" - these restricted to handhelds with ten watts or less power. You still have to "provide a service to vessels". Another option would be the "General Mobile Radio Service". You don't have to provide a service to vessels with this license, but it is basically handhelds in the 1-5 watt range (and can have removable antennas, so you could add an external antenna). You need a license here, but family members can all operate under the same license (individual licenses are not required). Of course, every person operating a radio could get a ham license; you would be much less restricted in your operation (power, frequencies, etc.). You just can't use it for business - which it sounds like you aren't. Each person would have to pass a test (not that hard and many ham clubs around the country provide testing on a regular basis). Of course, it gives you a lot of other options, also - like using a repeater to extend the range of both the kayaks and your truck, assuming one is available (I don't know what's available around the Chesapeake River area, but this area is loaded with repeaters). I hope this helps you with some ideas. Jerry, yes, this helps a lot. Once I was told I needed the license I found the FCC site to be less than clear. I appreciate you laying out the options. I would like to have a more powerful transmitter than the handhelds have, so I think I will research the Private Coastal Station. One of the licenses mentioned on the FCC page says you can fill in the form online and you effectively are licensed as soon as you make the application. I believe this was the "marine utility station license", but I can't find that info at the moment. Does a private costal station have to be stationary? Could I swap the unit between house and vehicle? Or do I need two licenses? OK, I did a little more looking into the FCC regs (Part 80 governs Maritime use). The supplemental restrictions for a Private Coastal Station are listed at http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx...1.78.1&idno=47. It looks like you do not meet any of the requirements, so you would not be eligible for such a license. -- ================== Remove the "x" from my email address Jerry Stuckle JDS Computer Training Corp. ================== |
#3
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![]() In article , rickman wrote: [whole bunch of unneeded previous quotage deleted] Jerry, yes, this helps a lot. Once I was told I needed the license I found the FCC site to be less than clear. I appreciate you laying out the options. I would like to have a more powerful transmitter than the handhelds have, so I think I will research the Private Coastal Station. Jerry's suggestion of getting amateur radio licenses is a good one if GMRS won't suit your needs. If you're involved in kayaking, do you not have an outdoors or marine store near you? They would certainly be familiar with the best communications options for that sport. Patty N6BIS |
#4
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What follows is just my own subjective "take" on the issue... please
don't treat it as gospel. The sort of issue I'm more interested in discussing are things like what type of antenna and how best to mount and connect it to the radio. Broadly-speaking, you'll have a choice of antennas which do, or do not, require a good ground plane to operate (quarter-wave monopoles being an example of those which do, and end-fed half-wave antennas being an example of those which do not). A lot of boat-mount marine VHF antennas seem to be of the ground-independent type - they can be mounted up alongside the mast, or connected to a fiberglass hull, and will still work well. There's a lot to be said for buying a "designed for boat mounting" antenna even for shore or vehicle mounting... such antennas will probably be made to withstand salt-spray corrosion, and will live longer than an "inland" antenna. For mounting such on a vehicle... plan to mount it up above the roofline rather than down at the bumper. For hatchbacks, a trunk-lip mount can work quite well. Mounting to a roof rack is also a possibility. Depending on the antenna height and vehicle type, it's also possible to drill a hole in the roof or side, and install a mount through the hole (maybe not the best idea if you plan to sell the vehicle anytime soon). If you use a ground-dependent antenna, the mount will need to be connected directly to the chassis sheet-metal. Of course, I'm interested in the radios if anyone here has experience with them. I see 25 Watt (which I'm assuming is the max available) units at the bottom end for just over $100 and others which seem to be similar in regards to the specs I understand for over $200 and of course the prices run upward too. Are there aspects I should look for that I need to dig deeper into the specs to find? Long-term ruggedness and reliability is an important factor in marine radios, and it's probably one that you're going to find in the specs. Reading on-line and magazine reviews, and talking to dealers (and users) about problems, and the return rate, is probably a good idea. Standard Horizon, and Icom, seem to be two of the big-name players in the "commercial grade" marine radio business. As to specs... one thing to look for is receiver selectivity. In a "crowded" RF environment (such as the Chesapeake bay and its shores) there's going to be a very great deal of transmission going on around you, including full-power (25-watt) transmissions from shore stations and boats. A strong signal on one channel can saturate a radio's receiver, and block out weaker signals on other channels ("desensitization"). The better the strong-signal handling (dynamic range) and adjacent-channel selectivity a radio has, the better it will be able to receive distant signals in the face of a strong local transmission. Some of the higher-end marine mobile radios have a "dual operating position" feature. You can connect a second microphone (often with its own built-in controls and display) located well away from the main radio, and operate the radio from the second location. This can be a useful feature both on boats (e.g. put the second station up on a conning tower) and in shore installations. I haven't seen any marine mobile radios which have detachable faceplates (i.e. intended for remote mounting). For example is there some spec on the internals of the receiver that would make a weakly received signal more clear than another radio? Sensitivity, and selectivity are what you're looking for. The sensitivity number will tend to dominate the performance under true weak-signal conditions - that is, when there are no strong transmissions on other channels in your neighborhood. The selectivity number becomes important when there are other radios transmitting nearby. What about the speaker itself? Would it be better to have an external speaker or is the internal speaker usually ok? Depends on the radio. Some radios have good internal speakers... although I suspect this is not terribly easy to achieve if the radio has to be water-resistant... and some are just terrible. The more compact the radio, the worse its internal speaker is likely to sound (I think). I'd be surprised if most mobile-type marine radios can't hook up to external speakers, so you can always add one on if the built-in speaker is not adequate for your needs. Bi-amping and subwoofers are optional :-) Other issues: - Do make sure you buy a radio which has been fully certificated for operation under FCC Part 80 regulations. Buying radios intended for other services (land mobile, amateur, etc.) and reprogramming them for the maritime channels is *not* a good idea... it's legal to do so, but *not* legal to transmit with such radios. Big fines are possible if you're caught. - On the (somewhat noisy) issue of licensing... as I understand it, you will not need any license at all if all you are going to do is "monitor" (receive only)... at least, that's true around the Chesapeake, which is entirely US territory and subject to US regulations. The moment you transmit, though, the rules are different. Since you're talking about a shore/vehicle station, you'd have to have a "private coast" or "marine utility" station license, and these are only available to a limited category of people: see 47 CFR 80.501(a) for a list of qualifying categories. Possibly (a)(8) would apply in your situation: "a person servicing or supplying vessels other than commercial transport vessels"? |
#5
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On 9/3/2013 2:57 PM, David Platt wrote:
What follows is just my own subjective "take" on the issue... please don't treat it as gospel. The sort of issue I'm more interested in discussing are things like what type of antenna and how best to mount and connect it to the radio. Broadly-speaking, you'll have a choice of antennas which do, or do not, require a good ground plane to operate (quarter-wave monopoles being an example of those which do, and end-fed half-wave antennas being an example of those which do not). A lot of boat-mount marine VHF antennas seem to be of the ground-independent type - they can be mounted up alongside the mast, or connected to a fiberglass hull, and will still work well. There's a lot to be said for buying a "designed for boat mounting" antenna even for shore or vehicle mounting... such antennas will probably be made to withstand salt-spray corrosion, and will live longer than an "inland" antenna. This is very useful info, thanks. I had not seen any antennas that require a ground plane, but I had only spent one evening looking at equipment. I think I had seen 8 foot antennas described as 5/8 wavelength IIRC, and other antennas which were shorter. None said anything about a ground plane and I didn't see anything on the antenna other than the vertical pole. For mounting such on a vehicle... plan to mount it up above the roofline rather than down at the bumper. For hatchbacks, a trunk-lip mount can work quite well. Mounting to a roof rack is also a possibility. Depending on the antenna height and vehicle type, it's also possible to drill a hole in the roof or side, and install a mount through the hole (maybe not the best idea if you plan to sell the vehicle anytime soon). If you use a ground-dependent antenna, the mount will need to be connected directly to the chassis sheet-metal. I aw aware that height is important. I was thinking of mounting on the back of the cab, beside the window, just below the roofline. I might also rig up some sort of pole which can be raised and lowered to get more height. In the use I am thinking of the vehicle would be stationary for an hour or two and then moved to track the kayaks. course, I'm interested in the radios if anyone here has experience with them. I see 25 Watt (which I'm assuming is the max available) units at the bottom end for just over $100 and others which seem to be similar in regards to the specs I understand for over $200 and of course the prices run upward too. Are there aspects I should look for that I need to dig deeper into the specs to find? Long-term ruggedness and reliability is an important factor in marine radios, and it's probably one that you're going to find in the specs. Reading on-line and magazine reviews, and talking to dealers (and users) about problems, and the return rate, is probably a good idea. I assume you meant "*not* going to find in the specs". Since I am blown out of the water for this season, I will have time to do the research. Standard Horizon, and Icom, seem to be two of the big-name players in the "commercial grade" marine radio business. Those seem to be the big names in hand held units from what I have heard. As to specs... one thing to look for is receiver selectivity. In a "crowded" RF environment (such as the Chesapeake bay and its shores) there's going to be a very great deal of transmission going on around you, including full-power (25-watt) transmissions from shore stations and boats. A strong signal on one channel can saturate a radio's receiver, and block out weaker signals on other channels ("desensitization"). The better the strong-signal handling (dynamic range) and adjacent-channel selectivity a radio has, the better it will be able to receive distant signals in the face of a strong local transmission. Yes, I am familiar with selectivity and sensitivity. Some of the higher-end marine mobile radios have a "dual operating position" feature. You can connect a second microphone (often with its own built-in controls and display) located well away from the main radio, and operate the radio from the second location. This can be a useful feature both on boats (e.g. put the second station up on a conning tower) and in shore installations. Yes, that can be useful, but pricey. I saw radios for $120 and I saw wired remote controls for over $200. Go figure! Do they have any wireless remotes? That would allow me to mount a receiver in the vehicle and park it on a hill where it gets better reception while I can be on the beach. I haven't seen any marine mobile radios which have detachable faceplates (i.e. intended for remote mounting). For example is there some spec on the internals of the receiver that would make a weakly received signal more clear than another radio? Sensitivity, and selectivity are what you're looking for. The sensitivity number will tend to dominate the performance under true weak-signal conditions - that is, when there are no strong transmissions on other channels in your neighborhood. The selectivity number becomes important when there are other radios transmitting nearby. Yes, I used to be more into radios and had forgotten those terms. What about the speaker itself? Would it be better to have an external speaker or is the internal speaker usually ok? Depends on the radio. Some radios have good internal speakers... although I suspect this is not terribly easy to achieve if the radio has to be water-resistant... and some are just terrible. The more compact the radio, the worse its internal speaker is likely to sound (I think). All the radios I have seen *are* water proof. Not much point to having a radio in a boat if it isn't. Your boat turns over and your radio gets wet... not much good to you then. I'd be surprised if most mobile-type marine radios can't hook up to external speakers, so you can always add one on if the built-in speaker is not adequate for your needs. Bi-amping and subwoofers are optional :-) You laugh... Other issues: - Do make sure you buy a radio which has been fully certificated for operation under FCC Part 80 regulations. Buying radios intended for other services (land mobile, amateur, etc.) and reprogramming them for the maritime channels is *not* a good idea... it's legal to do so, but *not* legal to transmit with such radios. Big fines are possible if you're caught. Everything I've seen so far was 100% marine VHF. - On the (somewhat noisy) issue of licensing... as I understand it, you will not need any license at all if all you are going to do is "monitor" (receive only)... at least, that's true around the Chesapeake, which is entirely US territory and subject to US regulations. The moment you transmit, though, the rules are different. Since you're talking about a shore/vehicle station, you'd have to have a "private coast" or "marine utility" station license, and these are only available to a limited category of people: see 47 CFR 80.501(a) for a list of qualifying categories. Possibly (a)(8) would apply in your situation: "a person servicing or supplying vessels other than commercial transport vessels"? Yes, that is what I came up with from another post. But I think that limits you to the use of a hand held unit, which seems very bizarre. I'm sure there are reasons for the FCC regs, they just aren't sharing what they are. -- Rick |
#6
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In article , rickman
wrote: I am going to be providing shore monitoring for a kayak trip and will be using a VHF radio from my pickup. I am thinking of installing a unit rather than using a handheld. I took a look at what there is available and it seems like the prices start at just over $100 for the unit itself running up to $500 for a fancy unit that is mounted somewhere hidden and all the controls in a hand held mic. Other than the obvious features like the remote mic unit, what should I look for in getting a quality unit that will work the best without breaking the bank. I don't want to pay $500, but I will pay $200 or more if there is a useful difference with the ~$100 units. I doubt I'll be mounting this in a boat although that is a possibility someday, I do have a ski boat. But more likely is that I'll mount it at my house on a lake to provide some amount of emergency monitoring. So I expect to mount it in the pickup so it can be easily removed and brought into the house. I guess that means a second antenna too. Words of advice? Have you ever heard the saying that the Usenet has given new life to the uninformed opinion? Stop arguing with people who don't know what they are talking about. If you needed a shore-side license for a new marina or yacht club, your question could be answered easily. It sounds like you propose to be the equivalent of what a mountain-climbing expedition would call a "ground man." What you propose is sufficiently unusual that I will guess that not 50 people in the world could advise you on it. One category would be the high-priced communications lawyers that advise the large corporations that own the commercial radio industry. Another category would be the radio experts at the Coast Guard's headquarters offices. The last category would be in the depths of the FCC headquarters offices. You will need to get past a few layers of call screeners before you reach an expert who can give an informed answer to a question about an esoteric point of technical regulations, but you will get a definitive answer at a price you can afford to pay (zero). By the way, I hold an Amateur Extra license and a general radiotelephone operator's license with a radar endorsement and I have no idea what the answer is. -- Klystron |
#7
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On 9/11/2013 7:41 PM, Klystron wrote:
In article , rickman wrote: I am going to be providing shore monitoring for a kayak trip and will be using a VHF radio from my pickup. I am thinking of installing a unit rather than using a handheld. I took a look at what there is available and it seems like the prices start at just over $100 for the unit itself running up to $500 for a fancy unit that is mounted somewhere hidden and all the controls in a hand held mic. Other than the obvious features like the remote mic unit, what should I look for in getting a quality unit that will work the best without breaking the bank. I don't want to pay $500, but I will pay $200 or more if there is a useful difference with the ~$100 units. I doubt I'll be mounting this in a boat although that is a possibility someday, I do have a ski boat. But more likely is that I'll mount it at my house on a lake to provide some amount of emergency monitoring. So I expect to mount it in the pickup so it can be easily removed and brought into the house. I guess that means a second antenna too. Words of advice? Have you ever heard the saying that the Usenet has given new life to the uninformed opinion? Stop arguing with people who don't know what they are talking about. If you needed a shore-side license for a new marina or yacht club, your question could be answered easily. It sounds like you propose to be the equivalent of what a mountain-climbing expedition would call a "ground man." What you propose is sufficiently unusual that I will guess that not 50 people in the world could advise you on it. One category would be the high-priced communications lawyers that advise the large corporations that own the commercial radio industry. Another category would be the radio experts at the Coast Guard's headquarters offices. The last category would be in the depths of the FCC headquarters offices. You will need to get past a few layers of call screeners before you reach an expert who can give an informed answer to a question about an esoteric point of technical regulations, but you will get a definitive answer at a price you can afford to pay (zero). By the way, I hold an Amateur Extra license and a general radiotelephone operator's license with a radar endorsement and I have no idea what the answer is. Klystron, I also hold an Amateur Extra class license (since 1971) and a General Radiotelephone Operator's license (grandfathered from a First Class Radiotelephone Operator's License in 1970) with Ship's Radar Endorsement (1972). And I have worked in many areas, including land mobile, maritime and broadcast radio. Even I know enough to check the FCC Regulations for the law regarding licensing. And according to the references earlier in this thread, he doesn't qualify for any shore license. But you're right - he needs to check with a legal authority - in this case, it would be an attorney familiar with maritime radio licensing. -- ================== Remove the "x" from my email address Jerry, AI0K ================== |
#8
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On 9/11/2013 7:41 PM, Klystron wrote:
In , wrote: I am going to be providing shore monitoring for a kayak trip and will be using a VHF radio from my pickup. I am thinking of installing a unit rather than using a handheld. I took a look at what there is available and it seems like the prices start at just over $100 for the unit itself running up to $500 for a fancy unit that is mounted somewhere hidden and all the controls in a hand held mic. Other than the obvious features like the remote mic unit, what should I look for in getting a quality unit that will work the best without breaking the bank. I don't want to pay $500, but I will pay $200 or more if there is a useful difference with the ~$100 units. I doubt I'll be mounting this in a boat although that is a possibility someday, I do have a ski boat. But more likely is that I'll mount it at my house on a lake to provide some amount of emergency monitoring. So I expect to mount it in the pickup so it can be easily removed and brought into the house. I guess that means a second antenna too. Words of advice? Have you ever heard the saying that the Usenet has given new life to the uninformed opinion? Stop arguing with people who don't know what they are talking about. If you needed a shore-side license for a new marina or yacht club, your question could be answered easily. It sounds like you propose to be the equivalent of what a mountain-climbing expedition would call a "ground man." What you propose is sufficiently unusual that I will guess that not 50 people in the world could advise you on it. One category would be the high-priced communications lawyers that advise the large corporations that own the commercial radio industry. Another category would be the radio experts at the Coast Guard's headquarters offices. The last category would be in the depths of the FCC headquarters offices. You will need to get past a few layers of call screeners before you reach an expert who can give an informed answer to a question about an esoteric point of technical regulations, but you will get a definitive answer at a price you can afford to pay (zero). By the way, I hold an Amateur Extra license and a general radiotelephone operator's license with a radar endorsement and I have no idea what the answer is. Thanks for your reply. I fully plan to contact the FCC about this. -- Rick |
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