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-   -   New ARRL Proposal (https://www.radiobanter.com/policy/27225-new-arrl-proposal.html)

Robert Casey January 21st 04 07:00 PM

Alun wrote:

"Dee D. Flint" wrote in
igy.com:



"Alun" wrote in message
. ..


I see no benefit in giving over 7125-7150 to phone. 7075-7100, for
example, would be the same size and in a more useful place. Moreover,
it would harmonise Region 2 US hams with US hams outside R2.



This will crowd the CW/digital/data modes too much since there are so
many US hams. It would be better to wait for the other treaty changes
from the conference to take affect and synchronize Regions 1 and 3 with
Region 2. You do know of course that the treaty now requires
broadcasters to move out of 7.1 to 7.2 and that this will become an
exclusive amateur allocation.



Of course I do, but do you think they will really move? Some may, but I
think some of them never will.


Maybe we all should move voice to the bottom of 40m, and create a new
subband for
modes that create bad QRM to the broadcasters who don't vacate? :-)





Robert Casey January 21st 04 07:10 PM

Larry Roll K3LT wrote:


I don't see why the Extra-class code test requirement needs to be set at the
current 5 WPM level. A 12-wpm code test would be a better idea, and anyone
interested enough in achieving Extra could go from nothing to that level in a
matter of weeks. However, since Extra is already dumbed-down to 5 WPM, I
guess there's no putting the toothpaste back in the tube.



The medical wavier issue would pop up again. And the FCC doesn't want
to deal
with that. As I (mis)undestand it, all you had to do to get a wavier
was to tell your
family doctor you had this problem with the code, and all he had to do
was sign off
on it. Most doctors probably didn't understand the issue beyond that
there was no
safety issue involved ("What, you can't learn how to drive a bus, well,
here's a
wavier to take to the DMV to get a commercial driver's license") and it was
unlikely that anyone would question the doctor about it. So it was
easily abused,
and the FCC doesn't want to deal with it. And the FCC doesn't gain anything
out of requiring higher speed code (it's not a lid filter, as witness
14.313 before
restructuring).






Robert Casey January 21st 04 07:15 PM

Zonedout wrote:

N2EY wrote:



3 classes of license: Novice, General, Extra



The ARRL & FCC should just stop screwing around, forget
hams' need to have their ego stroked with the license
class of "Advanced" or "Extra" printed on their ticket,
and just rename the classes Class A, B, & C.

Everyone gets a new "name" for their license class and
all the whiners that "Advanced" sounds more advanced
than "Extra", etc., are just cut off at the knees.




Change the names to "top banana", "2nd banana", and "beginner"

;-)


Robert Casey January 21st 04 07:26 PM

Steve Robeson, K4CAP wrote:

"Tom Winston" wrote in message ...


On 19 Jan 2004 10:08:20 -0800, N2EY wrote:


Existing Advanceds get free upgrade to Extra, ...


That's not an upgrade; that's a downgrade. Advanced class licensees
passed the Extra class written exam, and passed a 13 wpm code test.
Furthermore, most Advanced class licensees took the older Extra exam
-- an exam that's a lot tougher than the current Extra exam.



Uhhhh...in what universe?

The only "Advanced" class licensees that I know of that took an
Extra written test but didn't upgrade were one's who failed the 20WPM.

There was that window of time from Jan 2000 to April 14, 2000 where one
could take the
extra written, pass it, get the CSCE, and cash it in on April 15, 2000.
And then have
your extra. And not fail the 20wpm test because he didn't take it. I
did this and also
took the advanced written (was an old tech plus), and cashed in the
CSCEs April 15th.


And I'd like to know how getting more operating privileges is a
"downgrade"...?!?!

Would you take an airline ticket "upgrade" by moving FROM First
Class to Coach? Uh uh...It's the other way around. Same here.



Possession of the Advanced class license proves that the holder met
higher standards than the current crop of Extras.

But those advanceds didn't do the extra writtens (4B). So, if the extra
written is "worth"
more than 13wpm, then todays' extras have higher standards than the
advanceds'.
Depends on how you call it, if element 4B 13wpm or not.




Perhaps. Certainly the Advanced Class folks passed a more
stringent code test. My Advanced written was hard, but so was the
Extra. I am proud of both.

It's a good thing to have, but it's not at the top of my resume. My 13
patents
and BSEE are above it. Now that we're in bragging mode.... :-)






Alex Flinsch January 21st 04 07:32 PM

In article , Robert Casey wrote:

Change the names to "top banana", "2nd banana", and "beginner"


Then I get to change my Phonetics to
"Another Banana 2 Render Code"

Alex / AB2RC

Alun January 21st 04 09:21 PM

"KØHB" wrote in news:JYnPb.21394$zj7.4912
@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net:


"Alun" wrote

That's not what I read. As far as I know it is in a law
that was sponsored by the late Senator Barry
Goldwater, K7UGA.

I'm certain you're mistaken.

73, de Hans, K0HB






It might be more productive if someone could produce some evidence one way
or the other!

Alun January 21st 04 09:31 PM

Robert Casey wrote in
:

Alan wrote:

(N2EY) wrote in
:



In article , Alun
writes:



(N2EY) wrote in news:c2356669.0401191008.a3c8376
:



http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2004/01/19/1/?nc=1

Summary:

3 classes of license: Novice, General, Extra


The _only_ merit to that is that testing was free for Novices, so it
would reintroduce a free licence class.


Not part of the proposal as I read it.




As I understand it, the law providing free testing for Novices remains
on the books. Hence, it really does matter what the entry level licence
is called. If it is re-named 'Novice', then the test is free.

No, it's not part of the proposal, and having since read the whole
thing on the ARRL web site, it appears that the league haven't thought
about this particular wrinkle, as they say that the name is still open
and it could be called something else.



The new Novice would replace the existing Technician class as the
entry level exam. It would have less power and fewer VHF/UHF
privileges, but more HF privileges.



Provided the new class that happened to
be called Novice had Tech Plus privileges and they had to pass the
current Element 2 I would have no trouble with that


Why?



I thought the old Novice was too easy



Current Element 2 is very VHF/UHF centric, and so are current Tech
Plus privs. The goal seems to be to strike more of a balance between
above and below 30 MHz privileges.



So change the question pool, but don't dumb it down



5 wpm code test retained for Extra only


Predictably, I do have a problem with that.


Me too. Should be at least 13 and preferably 20 wpm. Sending and
receiving.




Won't happen

Exactly. Nobody else uses code anymore. And what does the FCC
get out of it? And the medical wavier issues come back.... They ain't
gonna do anything to have THAT come up again!




Morse skill testing for voice privileges is illogical and should be
dumped.


It's no more illogical than testing theory in order to be allowed to
use manufactured equipment.




Not in my opinion



Moreover, it can be now,
since it has not been required by the ITU for the last six months.



FCC will most probably just drop it completely.




I think they will too

Again, nobody else uses code anymore. Code made good sense back
50 years ago during the vacuum tube radio era. Simple equipment was
all that was needed and given the reliability of vacuum tube stuff
voice could likely fail when needed. But today's equipment is all made
with chips and quite reliable. And digital modes like packet can
handle automatically
health and welfare traffic code used to do, with less operators needed.




Existing Advanceds get free upgrade to Extra,


OK


Why OK? Why not simply carry the Advanceds as a separate class, as has
been done for the past 3 years and 9 months?



Can't stand loose ends

Let's say that 4 years experience as an advanced is equal to element 4B
(the old extra written an advanced used to be able to take to get his
extra).
So make the advanced turn into an extra next April.




Techs and Tech Pluses get free upgrade to General


Not OK in this scenario, given my comments above



Agreed - but why is it OK for Advanceds to get a free upgrade to
Extra, but not OK for Techs and Tech Pluses to get free upgrade to
General?

What is the fundamental difference that makes one freebie OK but not
the other?



As I see it, the new Novice would be a replacement for the Tech, which
is already pretty easy



'Phone image subbands for 80/40/15 widened slightly


Good.


Bad.



Some phone below 7100? No? Why not?


That space is needed for CW and digital modes.



Better to keep those on the Novice freqs and refarm more useful
spectrum to phone

Are the digital modes more tolerant of SW broadcaster QRM than SSB? If
so, move the digital modes to 7150-7300 and voice 7000-7150. If
nothing else, it would help chase the SW broadcasters away...



Brilliant idea! Now that's what I call lateral thinking. It'll never happen
though.

I suggest:-

7000-7045 CW/Digital
7045-7100 Phone
7100-7150 CW/Digital
7150-7245 Phone
7245-7300 CW/Digital

Nothing atall wrong with that, in fact it would be a major improvement.
It'll get me flamed, though!

73 de Alun, N3KIP


Alun January 21st 04 09:55 PM

(N2EY) wrote in
om:

Alun wrote in message
.. .
(N2EY) wrote in
om:

Alun wrote in message
. ..
(N2EY) wrote in
:

In article , Alun
writes:

(N2EY) wrote in news:c2356669.0401191008.a3c8376
:

http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2004/01/19/1/?nc=1

Summary:

3 classes of license: Novice, General, Extra

The _only_ merit to that is that testing was free for Novices, so
it would reintroduce a free licence class.

Not part of the proposal as I read it.


As I understand it, the law providing free testing for Novices
remains on the books. Hence, it really does matter what the entry
level licence is called. If it is re-named 'Novice', then the test
is free.

No, it's not part of the proposal, and having since read the whole
thing on the ARRL web site, it appears that the league haven't
thought about this particular wrinkle, as they say that the name is
still open and it could be called something else.

Unless K0HB is mistaken, no such rule exists in Part 97. And since
no new Novices have been issued in almost 4 years, it's a bit of a
moot point.

But it might be a nice thing for VECs to do...


As best as I can follow it a statute made testing free for Novices, and a
later administrative decision closed the class to new entrants. Obviously
the FCC don't have to include in Part 97 a rule giving free testing for
Novices whilst there are no Novice tests, but if they re-started Novice
testing it would have to be free. I admit I could be wrong, but that is how
I understand it, unless someone can show me proof to the contrary.


The new Novice would replace the existing Technician class as the
entry level exam. It would have less power and fewer VHF/UHF
privileges, but more HF privileges.

Provided the new class that happened to
be called Novice had Tech Plus privileges and they had to pass
the current Element 2 I would have no trouble with that

Why?

I thought the old Novice was too easy

Why? The old 20-25 question Novice I took in 1967 at the age of 13
was adequate to keep me out of trouble, even though my first station
was homebrewed from junk parts. And that Novice license started me
on the path to Advanced in about a year, Extra in about 3 years and
BSEE in a little over 8 years....

And there were many many Novices like me. If an entry level license
keeps the newbies out of trouble and inspires them to learn and do
more, isn't that just about perfect?


Well?

Think about it - what exactly *should* an entry-level license do? If
it insures that newcomers know enough to keep out of trouble (on the
air, anyway,) gives them a sample of what amateur radio is about, and
inspires them to learn and do more with ham radio, isn't that just
about perfect?


I don't see very many people having any great difficulty with the present
Element 2, so why does it need to be easier? The privileges would be more
than the old Novice as well.


Current Element 2 is very VHF/UHF centric, and so are current
Tech Plus privs. The goal seems to be to strike more of a balance
between above and below 30 MHz privileges.

So change the question pool, but don't dumb it down

How do we define "dumbing it down"? If 35 questions are adequate for
all amateur VHF/UHF at full meat-cooking power, plus 200 watts on
parts of HF, shouldn't 25 be adequate for the limited privs proposed
for the Novice?


How much is it reasonable to expect a newcomer to learn in order to be
turned loose with ~100 watts on parts of HF and ~25 watts on parts of
VHF/UHF?


To put it another way, why shouldn't the Techs have all those proposed HF
privileges, since they have passed a test with more questions than that
proposed?

5 wpm code test retained for Extra only

Predictably, I do have a problem with that.

Me too. Should be at least 13 and preferably 20 wpm. Sending and
receiving.

Won't happen

Probably not, but it's still a good idea.

Morse skill testing for voice privileges is illogical and should
be dumped.

It's no more illogical than testing theory in order to be allowed
to use manufactured equipment.

Not in my opinion

It's the same argument used against the code test. Why *must* a ham
learn all that theory to use manufactured, approved gear with no
critical adjustments? Heck, most ham gear today won't transmit out
of band unless modified!

Moreover, it can be now,
since it has not been required by the ITU for the last six
months.

FCC will most probably just drop it completely.

I think they will too

Unfortunately

Existing Advanceds get free upgrade to Extra,

OK

Why OK? Why not simply carry the Advanceds as a separate class,
as has been done for the past 3 years and 9 months?

Can't stand loose ends

What's the problem? FCC kept the Advanced on the books from 1953 to
1967 even though no new ones were issued and the license conveyed no
additional privileges at all.


Do those loose ends really cause any problems?


Confusion?

Besides, Element 4A had most of the harder questions anyway.


Techs and Tech Pluses get free upgrade to General

Not OK in this scenario, given my comments above

Agreed - but why is it OK for Advanceds to get a free upgrade to
Extra, but not OK for Techs and Tech Pluses to get free upgrade
to General?

What is the fundamental difference that makes one freebie OK but
not the other?

As I see it, the new Novice would be a replacement for the Tech,
which is already pretty easy

Exactly. But that doesn't answer the question. You want Advanceds to
get free upgrades to avoid ~82,000 loose ends, but not Techs and
Tech pluses, who would
amount to ~322,000 loose ends.

I don't see why one and not the other.

'Phone image subbands for 80/40/15 widened slightly

Good.

Bad.

Some phone below 7100? No? Why not?

That space is needed for CW and digital modes.

Better to keep those on the Novice freqs and refarm more useful
spectrum to phone

Why reward the most spectrum-inefficent modes? Why not digital
voice?


It has worse S/N performance than SSB


Old Novice subbands replaced by additional CW/data
and 'phone subbands on 80/40/15. Novices also get privs on 6,
2, 222, and 440


See above

Please clarify.

I see no benefit in giving over 7125-7150 to phone.

25 kHz more.

7075-7100, for example,
would be the same size and in a more useful place. Moreover, it
would harmonise Region 2 US hams with US hams outside R2.

Hams outside Region 2 will be getting 7100-7200 anyway. Let them
harmonize with us.


US hams outside R2 already have 7075-7100 phone


Only because they don't have 7100-7200. US hams outside R2 are rare
enough to be conidered "DX" anyway.

Read it again. *US* hams outside R2


I did. As they get 7100-7200, any reason to have 'phone below
7100 goes away completely.


Only when:-

1 - all the broadcasters have moved, probably circa the year 2100; and

2 - all the countries have 7100-7200, which might almost take as long


Novice power level set below that requiring RF exposure
evaluation

OK

Agreed.

Novice test to be 25 questions on "basics",

Not OK

Why not? Current Element 2 is only 35 questions! And it has a lot
more ground to cover, including all amateur VHF/UHF bands and
modes, power up to "meat cooking" levels (love that WK3C phrase)
and much more.

By reducing the entry-level privs, 25 questions should be enough.


With that power limit you could take out the RF exposure questions,
but I think the test is already easy enough.

To a beginner, it's not so easy.


My XYL passed Elements 2 and 3A, and she has no real interest in radio.


General to be
derived from Tech and General, Extra pretty much as-is.


What do you actually think of this proposal yourself, Jim? You
don't say here.

See above. A few good ideas and a few bad ideas. Obviously the
work of a committee looking to give everyone something they want,
but not giving anyone everything they want.

What will FCC do?

First off, they may just go for the "new Novice", in an effort to
attract more new hams.

Re-naming the Tech as a Novice would make the test free under
existing law. That has some appeal.

See above about the "law".

Second, they will probably just dump Element 1.

Agreed

Third, they will probably not hand out free upgrades because it
costs them little or nothing to keep the closed-off classes.

I think that for some reason their computers are only set up to
handle 5 classes of licence, but I guess that works out as there
won't be two types of Tech anymore (this is also the reason why
they aren't recorded differently right now).

Incorrect!

Before restructuring, their computers handled 6 classes of license
(Novice, Tech, Tech Plus, General, Advanced, Extra). In fact their
computers *still* handle 6 classes! So there should be no problem at
all.

And as Tech Pluses continue to be renewed as Techs, expire, and
upgrade, that class will disappear completely.

I personally am not in favour of keeping closed licence classes,
though. I think it is better to move on.

I agree, but not at the price of giveaways just to make things look
neater.


Better that than the only possible alternative - taking privileges
away


But is there really any reason not to simply continue those license
classes? That's a much, much better option than freebies or removing
privileges.


No it's not. If we abolish them we can sort out all the subbands.


How would you feel if it were decided to give all existing hams
except Novices a free upgrade to Extra, then have just two classes -
"Limited" (new name for Novice) and "Full" (everybody else)?

73 de Jim, N2EY


I would be OK with that only if the Techs got only a limited licence.


Why would Techs be singled out for a limited license? They have full
privs above 50 MHz.

I
would have no problem with giving Generals a full licence.


By your reasoning, there's no reason to have the Extra, then. Nor its
test.


Correct.

Of course, to be
fair you would have to extend that to Techs with old Element 3.


Where ya been, Alun?

Techs with old Element 3 (licensed before March 21, 1987) can get a
General
license *today* with no additional testing. Just show up at a VE
session with
proof of such license, fill out the 605 and pay the VE fee. Instant
General.
And if such a ham can pass the Extra written (might as well try, the
same
VE fee buys that test too), they get an Extra.

Been that way since April 15, 2000.

73 de Jim, N2EY



Alun January 21st 04 09:59 PM

Robert Casey wrote in news:400ECC4F.9040505
@ix.netcom.com:

Alun wrote:

"Dee D. Flint" wrote in
digy.com:



"Alun" wrote in message
...


I see no benefit in giving over 7125-7150 to phone. 7075-7100, for
example, would be the same size and in a more useful place. Moreover,
it would harmonise Region 2 US hams with US hams outside R2.



This will crowd the CW/digital/data modes too much since there are so
many US hams. It would be better to wait for the other treaty changes
from the conference to take affect and synchronize Regions 1 and 3 with
Region 2. You do know of course that the treaty now requires
broadcasters to move out of 7.1 to 7.2 and that this will become an
exclusive amateur allocation.



Of course I do, but do you think they will really move? Some may, but I
think some of them never will.


Maybe we all should move voice to the bottom of 40m, and create a new
subband for
modes that create bad QRM to the broadcasters who don't vacate? :-)






With a power limit of 50kW to make sure, ROTFL!

Dee D. Flint January 21st 04 10:00 PM


"google blogger" wrote in message
roups.com...

Looks like the Ivy League also has **finally** realized that the Incentive
License disaster of the 1960's pretty much trashed ham radio.


Learn your history. ARRL fought that proposal. That was solely the idea of
the FCC.

Dee D. Flint, N8UZE


Alun January 21st 04 10:06 PM

"google blogger" wrote in
roups.com:


"Winston" wrote in message
...
I was an Advanced in 1963. I guess, by proxy, I will be able to say I
was an Extra for 40 years. I became an Extra in 1979. What will I
become now.


Think of it as having walked in a very large circle for the past 40
Years.

: ) : ) : )

Do you think that if everyone would just buy five copies of QST every
month the League would give up attempting to license every deadbeat
dad and upgrading every licensee that can recite QST?

Win/W0LZ


Probably an accurate observation Win. All that the ARRL has ever been
interested in for the past 40+ years is more subscriptions to their ad
filled fishwrap. No suprise really as the ARRL's 501-C3 Charter lists
them as a non-profit "scientific" publishing company.

Looks like the Ivy League also has **finally** realized that the
Incentive License disaster of the 1960's pretty much trashed ham radio.

Now their franticly trying to back-peddle the boat before it finally
goes over Niagra Falls. Not much you can do, seeing that 99.5% of young
persons are more interested in Ipod, Blogging, Chatrooms and other
Net related projects instead of this old antiquated hobby of their
granddaddy called "ham radio". (It used to be that ham radio was
unique in that it was the only alternative to making a long distance
telephone call to speak with someone far away. Today anyone can
do the same with a $10-per-month ISP and a PC. The NOVELTY
of long distance communications for the common person has worn
off - this is the root-cause of the issue - ham radio is become
obsolete. )



I didn't realise that people wrapped fish in publications over here. Fish
wrapped in newspaper used to be really common back home in G land, and I
dare say you might still find it if you looked hard enough.

73 de Alun, N3KIP (Ex-G8VUK)

Dee D. Flint January 21st 04 10:36 PM


"Alun" wrote in message
...
(N2EY) wrote in
om:

I did. As they get 7100-7200, any reason to have 'phone below
7100 goes away completely.


Only when:-

1 - all the broadcasters have moved, probably circa the year 2100; and

2 - all the countries have 7100-7200, which might almost take as long


As I recall, the treaty language from the past summer requires the
broadcasters to move out. It's not a recommendation and it's not optional.
I think the year is either 2007 or 2009 (I forget and don't want to take the
time to go look it up).

Since the equipment is already available, I would expect the various
countries to move rather quickly on adding the allocation.

Dee D. Flint, N8UZE


Bill Sohl January 21st 04 10:43 PM


"JJ" wrote in message
...
Bert Craig wrote:
Existing Advanceds get free upgrade to Extra


Oh great, I get to be an Extra by default. I had rather keep my
Advanced, advanced even sounds more advanced than Extra does.


To the average lay person, I bet they'd agree that of the five
license classes, they think Advanced would likly be the highest.
I've never thought the EXTRA name conveyed the true sense
of the license being the highest overall.

YMMV

Cheers,
Bill K2UNK




KØHB January 21st 04 11:11 PM


"Alun" wrote

It might be more productive if someone could
produce some evidence one way or the other!


I can do better than evidence, I can provide proof....

The governing regulation is §97.527 which allows, but does NOT require,
VEC's to collect reimbursement for examinations. (In other words, there
is no requirement that VEC's collect money for ANY examination.)
Collection of reimbursement is AUTHORIZED but it is not MANDATORY.

Back in the early-mid 90's the ARRL VEC decided not to collect fees for
Novice examinations. This ****ed off the W5YI VEC who actually
petitioned the FCC to REQUIRE the collection of fees. FCC declined to
grant his petition.

73, de Hans, K0HB







Len Over 21 January 21st 04 11:14 PM

In article om, "Dee D.
Flint" writes:

Actually I wonder if the ARRL petition isn't a crafty ruse. It will look
good to people who want what it proposes but has high odds of being rejected
by the FCC since the FCC has a long history of shooting down automatic
upgrades. They get the "attaboy" for "trying" and can then lay it at the
FCC's door when it fails even though they may want it to fail.


SHAME!

Thinking improper and vulgar thoughts about the ARRL!

Say 100 Hail Hirams as penance and sin no more.

LHA / WMD

Len Over 21 January 21st 04 11:14 PM

In article ,
(N2EY) writes:

Alun wrote in message
. ..
(N2EY) wrote in
om:

Alun wrote in message
. ..
(N2EY) wrote in
:

In article , Alun
writes:

(N2EY) wrote in news:c2356669.0401191008.a3c8376
:

http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2004/01/19/1/?nc=1

Summary:

3 classes of license: Novice, General, Extra

The _only_ merit to that is that testing was free for Novices, so it
would reintroduce a free licence class.

Not part of the proposal as I read it.


As I understand it, the law providing free testing for Novices remains
on the books. Hence, it really does matter what the entry level
licence is called. If it is re-named 'Novice', then the test is free.

No, it's not part of the proposal, and having since read the whole
thing on the ARRL web site, it appears that the league haven't thought
about this particular wrinkle, as they say that the name is still open
and it could be called something else.

Unless K0HB is mistaken, no such rule exists in Part 97. And since no
new Novices have been issued in almost 4 years, it's a bit of a moot
point.

But it might be a nice thing for VECs to do...

The new Novice would replace the existing Technician class as the
entry level exam. It would have less power and fewer VHF/UHF
privileges, but more HF privileges.

Provided the new class that happened to
be called Novice had Tech Plus privileges and they had to pass the
current Element 2 I would have no trouble with that

Why?

I thought the old Novice was too easy

Why? The old 20-25 question Novice I took in 1967 at the age of 13 was
adequate to keep me out of trouble, even though my first station was
homebrewed from junk parts. And that Novice license started me on the
path to Advanced in about a year, Extra in about 3 years and BSEE in
a little over 8 years....

And there were many many Novices like me. If an entry level license
keeps the newbies out of trouble and inspires them to learn and do
more, isn't that just about perfect?


Well?

Think about it - what exactly *should* an entry-level license do?


Here's a few suggestions on what they "should" do -

1. When meeting an Extra in person, always salute and show
respect at all times as required by the Geneva Convention.

2. Always call Extras "sir" or "madam" as the case may be,
always using military courtesy. After all, amateur radio IS a
service..

3. If an Extra wants to use the frequency you are operating on,
apologize and immediately QSY to another frequency. The
bands really belong to him.

4. Allot 10 percent of one's income to the League. This is the
the tithe that binds better than duct tape.

5. Always defer to the Extra's desires. If they like a particular
boatanchor, profess to show an interest in the clunker and
praise them for their choice. If they can afford a top-of-the-
line expensive transceiver, express deep envy for same and
congratulate them on being able to go into hock to get it.

6. Above all, profess a deep and sincere love for morse code, the
most elegant and sophisticated means of communications used
by amateurs today. Always say you are working hard on code to
demonstrate your committment to the ideals of the amateur
community.

7. Remember that the Extra is Always Right in technical matters
and never ever contradict him/her even if they make a moronic
mistake about any radio theory or amateur regulations. Their
rank/status/privilege plus that important certificate (suitable for
framing) from the federal government shows that They Are Right.

8. In the Amateur Service try to remember General Order #1 - You
will walk the bands in a military manner being always on the
alert for "the rare one" and always deferring to an Extra's need to
play on your frequency whenever they wish.

9. Never ever use any jargon or phrases that were not used in
amateur radio prior to 1940. Use morse mode abbreviations
wherever possible in written communications...to show a
dedication and committment to the amateur way and that you
belong with them, heart and soul. Even thinking of using 10
codes will get you excommunicated without forgiveness.

10. Always treat CB users as river bottom scum and call them all
bad names and do not permit them to drink from the same
water fountains as you do. They deserve to ride in the back of
the EM bus...as they have for 46 years.

LHA / WMD

Len Over 21 January 21st 04 11:14 PM

In article om, "Dee D.
Flint" writes:

Why single out the ARRL? Almost every organization and our national
political scene is the same way. A few active people get out and vote. A
few active people get out and do the work. These are the people who always
have and always will shape policy. Yet those who are unwilling to vote or
do the work continually whine about how they are not represented. It is the
same thing throughout our society. The ARRL is not unique.


Gasp! You mean that the ARRL does NOT represent amateur
radio in the USA?

How can that be? Doesn't everyone write their Director/Section
Manager who will faithfully and honestly bring their views to the
Big Board?

Strange. LESS than a quarter of all licensed U.S. radio amateurs
belone to the League.

You mean that ARRL represents those three-fourths who aren't
members?!?

Does the ARRL represent any of those interested in becoming a
radio amteur?

LHA / WMD

Alun January 22nd 04 12:00 AM

"KØHB" wrote in news:mGDPb.22507$zj7.7765
@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net:


"Alun" wrote

It might be more productive if someone could produce some evidence one
way or the other!


I can do better than evidence, I can provide proof....

The governing regulation is §97.527 which allows, but does NOT require,
VEC's to collect reimbursement for examinations. (In other words, there
is no requirement that VEC's collect money for ANY examination.)
Collection of reimbursement is AUTHORIZED but it is not MANDATORY.

Back in the early-mid 90's the ARRL VEC decided not to collect fees for
Novice examinations. This ****ed off the W5YI VEC who actually
petitioned the FCC to REQUIRE the collection of fees. FCC declined to
grant his petition.

73, de Hans, K0HB








I don't think that qualifies as proof. Oh well, never mind.

Alun January 22nd 04 12:02 AM

"Dee D. Flint" wrote in
gy.com:


"Alun" wrote in message
...
(N2EY) wrote in
om:

I did. As they get 7100-7200, any reason to have 'phone below 7100
goes away completely.


Only when:-

1 - all the broadcasters have moved, probably circa the year 2100; and

2 - all the countries have 7100-7200, which might almost take as long


As I recall, the treaty language from the past summer requires the
broadcasters to move out. It's not a recommendation and it's not
optional. I think the year is either 2007 or 2009 (I forget and don't
want to take the time to go look it up).

Since the equipment is already available, I would expect the various
countries to move rather quickly on adding the allocation.

Dee D. Flint, N8UZE



A triumph of optimism over reality

Alun January 22nd 04 12:14 AM

(Len Over 21) wrote in
:

In article ,
(N2EY) writes:

Alun wrote in message
...
(N2EY) wrote in
om:

Alun wrote in message
. ..
(N2EY) wrote in
:

In article , Alun
writes:

(N2EY) wrote in news:c2356669.0401191008.a3c8376
:

http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2004/01/19/1/?nc=1

Summary:

3 classes of license: Novice, General, Extra

The _only_ merit to that is that testing was free for Novices,
so it would reintroduce a free licence class.

Not part of the proposal as I read it.


As I understand it, the law providing free testing for Novices
remains on the books. Hence, it really does matter what the entry
level licence is called. If it is re-named 'Novice', then the test
is free.

No, it's not part of the proposal, and having since read the whole
thing on the ARRL web site, it appears that the league haven't
thought about this particular wrinkle, as they say that the name
is still open and it could be called something else.

Unless K0HB is mistaken, no such rule exists in Part 97. And since
no new Novices have been issued in almost 4 years, it's a bit of a
moot point.

But it might be a nice thing for VECs to do...

The new Novice would replace the existing Technician class as
the entry level exam. It would have less power and fewer VHF/UHF
privileges, but more HF privileges.

Provided the new class that happened to
be called Novice had Tech Plus privileges and they had to pass
the current Element 2 I would have no trouble with that

Why?

I thought the old Novice was too easy

Why? The old 20-25 question Novice I took in 1967 at the age of 13
was adequate to keep me out of trouble, even though my first
station was homebrewed from junk parts. And that Novice license
started me on the path to Advanced in about a year, Extra in about
3 years and BSEE in a little over 8 years....

And there were many many Novices like me. If an entry level license
keeps the newbies out of trouble and inspires them to learn and do
more, isn't that just about perfect?


Well?

Think about it - what exactly *should* an entry-level license do?


Here's a few suggestions on what they "should" do -

1. When meeting an Extra in person, always salute and show
respect at all times as required by the Geneva Convention.

2. Always call Extras "sir" or "madam" as the case may be,
always using military courtesy. After all, amateur radio IS a
service..

3. If an Extra wants to use the frequency you are operating on,
apologize and immediately QSY to another frequency. The
bands really belong to him.

4. Allot 10 percent of one's income to the League. This is the
the tithe that binds better than duct tape.

5. Always defer to the Extra's desires. If they like a particular
boatanchor, profess to show an interest in the clunker and
praise them for their choice. If they can afford a top-of-the-
line expensive transceiver, express deep envy for same and
congratulate them on being able to go into hock to get it.

6. Above all, profess a deep and sincere love for morse code, the
most elegant and sophisticated means of communications used
by amateurs today. Always say you are working hard on code to
demonstrate your committment to the ideals of the amateur
community.

7. Remember that the Extra is Always Right in technical matters
and never ever contradict him/her even if they make a moronic
mistake about any radio theory or amateur regulations. Their
rank/status/privilege plus that important certificate (suitable
for framing) from the federal government shows that They Are
Right.

8. In the Amateur Service try to remember General Order #1 - You
will walk the bands in a military manner being always on the
alert for "the rare one" and always deferring to an Extra's
need to play on your frequency whenever they wish.

9. Never ever use any jargon or phrases that were not used in
amateur radio prior to 1940. Use morse mode abbreviations
wherever possible in written communications...to show a
dedication and committment to the amateur way and that you
belong with them, heart and soul. Even thinking of using 10
codes will get you excommunicated without forgiveness.

10. Always treat CB users as river bottom scum and call them all
bad names and do not permit them to drink from the same
water fountains as you do. They deserve to ride in the back of
the EM bus...as they have for 46 years.

LHA / WMD


Hilarious!

I have actually encountered someone who actually thought he must be right
and spoke down to me on the air because he had a 2x1 call and I was a mere
1x3. Never mind that I am an Extra (not to mention a BSEE) but just kept my
no-code call. This must come under 7. Not as common as you might think,
this one.

I have met many people who actually abide by number 6, i.e. they pretend to
like the code, but they make only one CW QSO every 2-3 years. Usually, they
are pro the CW test too. They never use it, but think the tradition is
important. I am not talking about anyone here, AFAIK, but they are out
there.

Numbers 1-3 sound fair to me, though, ROTFL!

Leo January 22nd 04 12:15 AM

On 22 Jan 2004 00:02:34 GMT, Alun wrote:

"Dee D. Flint" wrote in
igy.com:


"Alun" wrote in message
...
(N2EY) wrote in
om:

I did. As they get 7100-7200, any reason to have 'phone below 7100
goes away completely.


Except for us up North, perhaps - we have 7.050 to 7.100 allocated as
SSB on our 40M band plan. There are a few Canadian nets that operate
there regularily, as well as quite a bit of foreign DX.

Fortunately, our band plans are guidelines prepared by Radio Amateurs
of Canada - not federally mandated.

73, Leo


Only when:-

1 - all the broadcasters have moved, probably circa the year 2100; and

2 - all the countries have 7100-7200, which might almost take as long


As I recall, the treaty language from the past summer requires the
broadcasters to move out. It's not a recommendation and it's not
optional. I think the year is either 2007 or 2009 (I forget and don't
want to take the time to go look it up).

Since the equipment is already available, I would expect the various
countries to move rather quickly on adding the allocation.

Dee D. Flint, N8UZE



A triumph of optimism over reality



David Drumheller January 22nd 04 12:22 AM


"N2EY" wrote in message
m...
http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2004/01/19/1/?nc=1

Summary:

3 classes of license: Novice, General, Extra

5 wpm code test retained for Extra only

[ STUFF DELETED ]

73 de Jim, N2EY


Even though I support the removal of the CW requirement for any license, I
find this to be an acceptable compromise. The reduction to three license
classes has already happened, although the Novice license as proposed is
actually a new license. Perhaps a different name could be found for it to
reduce confusion with the current Novice license.

Dave, K3WQ



Leo January 22nd 04 12:30 AM

On 21 Jan 2004 23:14:48 GMT, (Len Over 21) wrote:

ROTFL etc.... again!

Not sure where moralizing, assessing levels of taste and
inappropriateness, and passing vengeful judgement on fellow hams fits
in, though. - 9 kinda fits, with its 1940s flavour. It could also be
combined with 10, but that would annoy the CBers and other scum as it
is at least a layer of decency down from that.

Do we perhaps need to consider an Item 11? Hmmmm.....

73, Leo

1. When meeting an Extra in person, always salute and show
respect at all times as required by the Geneva Convention.

2. Always call Extras "sir" or "madam" as the case may be,
always using military courtesy. After all, amateur radio IS a
service..

3. If an Extra wants to use the frequency you are operating on,
apologize and immediately QSY to another frequency. The
bands really belong to him.

4. Allot 10 percent of one's income to the League. This is the
the tithe that binds better than duct tape.

5. Always defer to the Extra's desires. If they like a particular
boatanchor, profess to show an interest in the clunker and
praise them for their choice. If they can afford a top-of-the-
line expensive transceiver, express deep envy for same and
congratulate them on being able to go into hock to get it.

6. Above all, profess a deep and sincere love for morse code, the
most elegant and sophisticated means of communications used
by amateurs today. Always say you are working hard on code to
demonstrate your committment to the ideals of the amateur
community.

7. Remember that the Extra is Always Right in technical matters
and never ever contradict him/her even if they make a moronic
mistake about any radio theory or amateur regulations. Their
rank/status/privilege plus that important certificate (suitable for
framing) from the federal government shows that They Are Right.

8. In the Amateur Service try to remember General Order #1 - You
will walk the bands in a military manner being always on the
alert for "the rare one" and always deferring to an Extra's need to
play on your frequency whenever they wish.

9. Never ever use any jargon or phrases that were not used in
amateur radio prior to 1940. Use morse mode abbreviations
wherever possible in written communications...to show a
dedication and committment to the amateur way and that you
belong with them, heart and soul. Even thinking of using 10
codes will get you excommunicated without forgiveness.

10. Always treat CB users as river bottom scum and call them all
bad names and do not permit them to drink from the same
water fountains as you do. They deserve to ride in the back of
the EM bus...as they have for 46 years.

LHA / WMD



KØHB January 22nd 04 12:39 AM


"Alun" wrote

From K0HB:

The governing regulation is §97.527 which allows, but does NOT
require,
VEC's to collect reimbursement for examinations. (In other words,
there
is no requirement that VEC's collect money for ANY examination.)
Collection of reimbursement is AUTHORIZED but it is not MANDATORY.

I don't think that qualifies as proof.

Since it is a citation of the actual federal rules, it is certainly more
convincing than your tenuous assertion that you "read somewhere".....

73, de Hans, K0HB










Dee D. Flint January 22nd 04 12:54 AM


"Leo" wrote in message
...
On 22 Jan 2004 00:02:34 GMT, Alun wrote:

"Dee D. Flint" wrote in
igy.com:


"Alun" wrote in message
...
(N2EY) wrote in
om:

I did. As they get 7100-7200, any reason to have 'phone below 7100
goes away completely.


Except for us up North, perhaps - we have 7.050 to 7.100 allocated as
SSB on our 40M band plan. There are a few Canadian nets that operate
there regularily, as well as quite a bit of foreign DX.

Fortunately, our band plans are guidelines prepared by Radio Amateurs
of Canada - not federally mandated.

73, Leo


Do you really think you would like all the US amateurs jumping in down
there?? Remember the population difference. We have a tremendous amount of
activity on 40m voice on 7.150 to 7.300 until the broadcasts drive us off.
If we had SSB access to that 7.050 to 7.100 used by other countries, it
would be packed solid and nobody else could get in. Do you want that? Far
better to continue the battle to get the allocation extended to 7.300 for
all amateurs around the world.

Dee D. Flint, N8UZE


Robert Casey January 22nd 04 01:43 AM






Maybe we all should move voice to the bottom of 40m, and create a new
subband for
modes that create bad QRM to the broadcasters who don't vacate? :-)










With a power limit of 50kW to make sure, ROTFL!


Unfortunatley quite true, unless their intended audience lives in your
town. Maybe we should still put our digital modes there, as CW and
such I think may not be bothered much by broadcaster QRM. CW
as it's narrowband and one could use a frequency a couple KHz's
away from the broadcast carriers, and other digital modes I think
may not be bothered by the QRM much.


Len Over 21 January 22nd 04 05:13 AM

In article om, "Dee D.
Flint" writes:

Learn your history. ARRL fought that proposal. That was solely the idea of
the FCC.


The ARRL can do NO wrong, of course.

Evil is the FCC...of course.

FCC has been around since 1934...almost 70 years.

ARRL doesn't grant amateur licenses although they think they "control"
it. FCC grants amateur licenses and is THE authority on U.S. civil
radio regulation.

Vote early and often...

LHA / WMD

Len Over 21 January 22nd 04 05:13 AM

In article om, "Dee D.
Flint" writes:

Do you really think you would like all the US amateurs jumping in down
there?? Remember the population difference. We have a tremendous amount of
activity on 40m voice on 7.150 to 7.300 until the broadcasts drive us off.
If we had SSB access to that 7.050 to 7.100 used by other countries, it
would be packed solid and nobody else could get in. Do you want that? Far
better to continue the battle to get the allocation extended to 7.300 for
all amateurs around the world.


Ahem...the "40m 'battle'" has been going on since WARC-79.

That's a mere 24 1/2 years. :-)

Tsk, tsk, tsk...sounds like somebody hasn't been through Basic
Training and learning how to "battle" effectively.

LHA / WMD

Len Over 21 January 22nd 04 05:13 AM

In article , Leo
writes:

On 21 Jan 2004 23:14:48 GMT, (Len Over 21) wrote:

ROTFL etc.... again!

Not sure where moralizing, assessing levels of taste and
inappropriateness, and passing vengeful judgement on fellow hams fits
in, though. - 9 kinda fits, with its 1940s flavour. It could also be
combined with 10, but that would annoy the CBers and other scum as it
is at least a layer of decency down from that.

Do we perhaps need to consider an Item 11? Hmmmm.....


A musician might get creative and write something for a
SANCTIMONIUM. That's the horn they like to blow, part of
the Big Brass section of their community orchestra of
amateur blowhards. [ Toot, toot! They are on a Tootsie Roll! ]

I didn't include the all-important Self-Righteousness aspect of
the sanctimonius sect of status quoists. My omission. Good
point to bring it up!

This could turn into a "Never Ending Story!" :-)

LHA / WMD

Len Over 21 January 22nd 04 05:13 AM

In article , Alun
writes:

I have actually encountered someone who actually thought he must be right
and spoke down to me on the air because he had a 2x1 call and I was a mere
1x3. Never mind that I am an Extra (not to mention a BSEE) but just kept my
no-code call. This must come under 7. Not as common as you might think,
this one.

I have met many people who actually abide by number 6, i.e. they pretend to
like the code, but they make only one CW QSO every 2-3 years. Usually, they
are pro the CW test too. They never use it, but think the tradition is
important. I am not talking about anyone here, AFAIK, but they are out
there.


Ohhh...SOME in here might come under at least 2 items...:-)

LHA / WMD

Dave Heil January 22nd 04 05:49 AM

Len Over 21 wrote:

In article om, "Dee D.
Flint" writes:

Learn your history. ARRL fought that proposal. That was solely the idea of
the FCC.


The ARRL can do NO wrong, of course.

Evil is the FCC...of course.


Months from now, you'll state with much confidence that someone here
said such things. You will of course be correct. The someone was you.

FCC has been around since 1934...almost 70 years.


....not nearly as old as the League, is it?

ARRL doesn't grant amateur licenses although they think they "control"
it.


Who, beside you, believes such a statement?

FCC grants amateur licenses and is THE authority on U.S. civil
radio regulation.

Vote early and often...


Vote Leonard Kusinich!

Dave K8MN

Steve Robeson, K4CAP January 22nd 04 10:29 AM

(Len Over 21) wrote in message ...

Does the ARRL represent any of those interested in becoming a
radio amteur?


No, Lennie...but they represent folks interested in becoming
radio AMATEURS.

A TYPO! Lennie MUST be in RAGE ! ! ! He's MAD that folks even
LESS qualified than he percieves himself MAY be allowed to get on HF
soon!

SEEK HELP Lennie! That "rage" thing is burning you up!

Steve, K4YZ

Leo January 22nd 04 12:34 PM

On Thu, 22 Jan 2004 00:54:28 GMT, "Dee D. Flint"
wrote:


"Leo" wrote in message
.. .
On 22 Jan 2004 00:02:34 GMT, Alun wrote:

"Dee D. Flint" wrote in
igy.com:


"Alun" wrote in message
...
(N2EY) wrote in
om:

I did. As they get 7100-7200, any reason to have 'phone below 7100
goes away completely.


Except for us up North, perhaps - we have 7.050 to 7.100 allocated as
SSB on our 40M band plan. There are a few Canadian nets that operate
there regularily, as well as quite a bit of foreign DX.

Fortunately, our band plans are guidelines prepared by Radio Amateurs
of Canada - not federally mandated.

73, Leo


Do you really think you would like all the US amateurs jumping in down
there?? Remember the population difference. We have a tremendous amount of
activity on 40m voice on 7.150 to 7.300 until the broadcasts drive us off.
If we had SSB access to that 7.050 to 7.100 used by other countries, it
would be packed solid and nobody else could get in. Do you want that? Far
better to continue the battle to get the allocation extended to 7.300 for
all amateurs around the world.

Dee D. Flint, N8UZE


Agree that the exclusivity of the 40M band should be extended to 7.300
- but that is likely quite a few years away. It will be a few more
years before the 7.100 to 7.200 segment is cleared of broadcast
stations. And, the bandwidth from 7.050 to 7.100 (at least from my
QTH) is relatively underutilized - not a great deal of CW or digital
traffic going on there.

Just thinking that it might provide some clear space for you to
operate if it was opened to phone in the US.

Personally, I don't mind having it as clear as it is right now at all!
There are, as I stated, some excellent DX opportunities there...

73, Leo


Alun January 22nd 04 03:20 PM

"KØHB" wrote in news:fZEPb.22599$zj7.10801
@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net:


"Alun" wrote

From K0HB:

The governing regulation is §97.527 which allows, but does NOT
require,
VEC's to collect reimbursement for examinations. (In other words,
there
is no requirement that VEC's collect money for ANY examination.)
Collection of reimbursement is AUTHORIZED but it is not MANDATORY.

I don't think that qualifies as proof.

Since it is a citation of the actual federal rules, it is certainly more
convincing than your tenuous assertion that you "read somewhere".....

73, de Hans, K0HB











That's the problem though, isn't it? What we need is the statute, not the
rules, which prove nothing in the absence of Novice testing.

Dave Heil January 22nd 04 04:26 PM

Alun wrote:

"KØHB" wrote in news:fZEPb.22599$zj7.10801
@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net:


"Alun" wrote

From K0HB:

The governing regulation is §97.527 which allows, but does NOT
require,
VEC's to collect reimbursement for examinations. (In other words,
there
is no requirement that VEC's collect money for ANY examination.)
Collection of reimbursement is AUTHORIZED but it is not MANDATORY.

I don't think that qualifies as proof.

Since it is a citation of the actual federal rules, it is certainly more
convincing than your tenuous assertion that you "read somewhere".....


That's the problem though, isn't it? What we need is the statute, not the
rules, which prove nothing in the absence of Novice testing.


So if I understand your view, you'd like to see a statute as proof that
the statute does not exist. Does that sum it up?

Dave K8MN

Radioman January 22nd 04 04:43 PM

The ARRL's stand was now clear. Exclusive frequencies must be restored
to the Advanced and Extra class amateurs in order to give the Generals
an "incentive" to upgrade. Of course, what was left unsaid was that in
order to do so, frequencies would have to be taken away from the
General class hams."



All this so the top HAMs have something to gloat about.

WA8ULX January 22nd 04 05:01 PM

All this so the top HAMs have something to gloat about.

Heres what so Stupid, there is nothing to prevent you from being a "TOP HAM"

Paul W. Schleck January 22nd 04 05:36 PM

In (Len Over 21) writes:


In article om, "Dee D.
Flint" writes:


Actually I wonder if the ARRL petition isn't a crafty ruse. It will look
good to people who want what it proposes but has high odds of being rejected
by the FCC since the FCC has a long history of shooting down automatic
upgrades. They get the "attaboy" for "trying" and can then lay it at the
FCC's door when it fails even though they may want it to fail.


SHAME!


Thinking improper and vulgar thoughts about the ARRL!


Say 100 Hail Hirams as penance and sin no more.


LHA / WMD



You probably realized that Dee D. may be assuming the role of "devil's
advocate" here (by overplaying an idea to generate further discussion).
In other words, we might not want to take her words at face value until
she clarifies what she really means.

So, Dee D., what did you really mean to say above?

--
73, Paul W. Schleck, K3FU

http://www.novia.net/~pschleck/
Finger for PGP Public Key



Hans K0HB January 22nd 04 06:33 PM

Alun wrote


That's the problem though, isn't it?


It's not a problem for me.

What we need is the statute, not the
rules, which prove nothing in the absence
of Novice testing.


The rule cited shows that there is not a requirement to charge a fee
for any license examination of any class.

If you think otherwise, then I guess the burden of proof lies with
you, not with me. I've made my case by citing the governing
regulation.

Good luck on this one now!

73, de Hans, K0HB

KØHB January 22nd 04 06:58 PM


"Alun" wrote

I don't think that qualifies as proof.


Here is a direct quote from the "Amateur Radio Newsline" broadcast of
Sept 12th, 1993, where the hissy-fit of W5YI is described. Since K7UGA
left the Senate in 1986, long before this incident, it's unlikely that
he responded with legislation which required free Novice exams.

Sunuvagun!

de Hans, K0HB


" VEC UPSET ABOUT FREE NOVICE TESTS

The ARRL says that it will not charge applicants for Novice
tests. This even though the W5YI VEC has filed a complaint with
the FCC alleging that the League's VEC operation is in violation
of the rules because it refuses to charge applicants for these
tests.
But Fred Maia W5YI who operates the VEC bearing his callsign
claims that its a matter of uniformity. That all VEC's who use
what is called the annual method of figuring reimbursement are
required to charge an examination fee for every test it gives,
including Novice exams. The ARRL says that it plans to continue
its policy of administering Novice tests free of charge because
it believes that this policy is consistent with an FCC tradition
established back in the 1950's. This, as a way of making it easy
for youngsters to get entry level licenses.
The League's President, George Wilson, W4OYI says that the
whole thing is nothing more than one of the ironies that keeps
ham radio politics interesting. Wilson notes that VEC's have
always had the latitude to set their own fees. He adds -- and we
quote -- "Frankly, we see no compelling Federal interest in
whether or not a class of nine year olds ought to be charged for
taking an entry level ham radio exam."
But Maia and his W5YI VEC operation see it very differently.
In his September 1st issue of his W5YI Report newsletter Maia
says that the potential financial benefit to the League
resulting from its policy is to serious to be ignored. He says
that free examinations when all other VEC's charge, attract
applicants who are the potential purchasers of examination
preparation materials. Maia believes that the purchasing
decisions of these people may be unduly influenced by their
choice of VEC's.




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